American ginseng pest control techniques

American ginseng is a valuable traditional Chinese medicine, which can treat lung deficiency and chronic cough, blood loss, dry pharynx, thirst, deficiency heat and irritability. It has been used in China for more than a hundred years, and it was mostly imported from the United States and other countries. Now that it has been successfully introduced and cultivated in Jilin, Liaoning, Heilongjiang, Shaanxi, Jiangxi, Guizhou, Yunnan, Hebei, Shandong, Anhui and Fujian provinces, let's take a look at the pest control techniques of American ginseng.

Black spot disease

[morbidity characteristics] Black spot, also known as spot disease, has an incidence of 20-30%. It spreads quickly in the rainy season or high humidity, so it should be prevented and treated as soon as possible. In the early stage of the disease, there were irregular brown spots on the leaves, petioles and stems, which gradually expanded and sunken, resulting in a black velvet mold layer, the leaves withered, the plants collapsed and the seedlings died in the early stage. After the fruit is infected, it produces a black-brown mildew layer and the dry chaff falls off. The disease of 4-year-old plants was more serious than that of 1-2-year-old plants.

[control method] after spreading the leaves of ginseng seedlings, 800-fold solution of mancozeb or 500-fold solution of ammonium mancozeb was used to spray the front and back of the leaves and all parts of the plant evenly. Diseased leaf disease plants were found to be pulled out and burned in time to eliminate the source of the disease.

Cataplexy

[incidence characteristics] quenching disease is a kind of disease easy to occur in the seedling stage of Panax quinquefolium, and the seedlings die in serious cases. In the early stage of the disease, water-stained dark green disease spots appeared at the stem base near the ground of the seedlings, which expanded quickly, and the stem contracted and softened and lodged and died.

[control methods] generally use 400-fold Bordeaux liquid or 800-1000-fold mancozeb water spray to prevent other diseases. The garden should be well drained and ventilated to avoid excessive humidity. Disinfect the diseased plant immediately and disinfect it with 400 times formaldehyde solution or lime water around to eliminate the source of the disease.

Rust rot

[characteristics of the disease] ferruginous yellow-brown disease spots appeared in the spores and roots of seeds and Reed heads after infection, which gradually expanded, resulting in the destruction of internal tissue, and small granular substances (pathogenic spores) were produced at the site of the disease. continue to breed to make the epidermis break and rot. It is generally transmitted by diseased seedlings, diseased root residues, soil water contamination and human activities.

[prevention and control methods] the peak period of the disease is from June to August, and the seedlings must be strictly quarantined. it is found that the diseased plants should be collected in advance, the soil should be disinfected and sterilized with lime, and the weeds should be burned by drainage and ventilation. Soak in 800-fold mancozeb, 200 units of polyantimycin or 500-800-fold mancozeb for 8 minutes, then dry before transplanting. Whether the seeds are infected or not, they need to be treated with chemicals.

Blight disease

[characteristics of the disease] the disease is mostly at the junction of dry and wet soil at the base of the seedling stem, which is 3cm away from the topsoil. The young stem shows a long yellow-brown sunken spot, gradually rots inward, and the conducting tissue is destroyed and lodged to death, so it is called Rhizoctonia solani. Generally, the seedlings are too dense and are easy to catch the disease when they are not growing well.

[control methods] in the disinfection and sterilization of soil and seeds, 400-fold Bordeaux solution, 400-fold aqueous solution of carbendazim and 800-fold aqueous solution of mancozeb and ammonium are commonly used to prevent and cure the disease. The solution is 4 kg per square meter and penetrates into the soil layer 3-5 cm deep. Then spray clean water to wash leaves to prevent drug damage.