The latest breeding methods of Coptis chinensis

Coptis chinensis is a perennial herb belonging to Ranunculaceae. It is wild or cultivated in a cool, wet, shaded forest in the valley at an altitude of 1000-1900 meters. It is a common traditional Chinese medicine. The main method of reproduction is seed reproduction, and it can also be propagated separately. Let's take a look at it.

Growth conditions of Coptis chinensis

Coptis chinensis likes cold, moist, shaded, high temperature and drought, can not withstand strong sunlight, likes weak light, and needs shade when the light is too strong. It is suitable for loose and fertile topsoil, rich humus and deep soil, and the optimum pH value is 5.5-6.5.

Ramet propagation of Coptis chinensis

Choose 3-4-year-old Coptis chinensis, 3-4-year-old Coptis chinensis, 3-4 branches per plant and 10-20 branches per plant. These branches can be separated from the rhizome, and the continuous seedlings with a rhizome length of 0.5 cm are selected as ramet seedlings. The holes are dug according to the row spacing of 15 × 15 cm, the hole depth is 6 cm, and one plant is planted in each hole. After planting, cover fine fertile soil or humus soil, press, plant straight, plant stable, pour through the fixed root water, in order to survive. After planting, 70% of the plants bloomed and seeded in the same year, and all blossomed in the second year. Ramet propagation has the advantages of fast growth, high seed and rhizome yield and good quality, so it is worth popularizing.

Seed propagation of Coptis chinensis

1. Seed selection and seed collection: the seeds of 2-year-old and 3-year-old Coptis chinensis plants have poor development and low germination rate, so they are not suitable for seed use. The seeds of 4-year-old and 5-year-old plants should be collected. Before and after the Beginning of Summer in early May, when the fruit turned yellowish green, cracked and not yet completely cracked, the full and full fruit was harvested in time.

2. Seed treatment: Coptis chinensis seeds belong to low temperature type, and the dormancy period is longer, more than 9 months. It takes a low temperature stage to break its dormancy and sprout. At the same time, once the seed is dried, it loses its ability to germinate. Therefore, the post-ripening stage of embryo can only be completed by wet sand stratification treatment and storage at low temperature. For example, cut off the soon-to-be-cracked fruit with the fruit stalk, put it in a cool, ventilated place and ripen for 2-3 days. After the nuts are cracked, beat out the seeds, shake off the impurities and remove the shrunken seeds. Then, mix the seeds with 3 parts of moist fine sand and put them in a wooden box, which can be stored in the cave. If a small amount of seeds can be stored in the refrigerator while fresh, the germination rate can reach more than 90% when stored at 0: 6 ℃ for 180 days.

3. The sowing method should be carried out from October to November in autumn. Remove the sowing, mix the fresh seeds with 20 times of sifted fine humus soil and remove evenly on the noodles. To sow evenly, add a little compaction with a plank after sowing, so that the seeds are closely connected with the soil, and then remove and replenish a layer of fine broken dung with a thickness of 0.5-0.7 cm, in order to see the seeds. Finally, the border surface is covered with a layer of straw to keep warm and moisturize to facilitate seedling emergence. It will be removed after the temperature picks up in the early spring of the following year. The amount of seeds used per mu is 3-4 kg, and more than 500,000 seedlings can be raised.

4. Seedling stage management

① shed: after sowing, each row will build a low shed with a height of 50 cm to 70 cm. Local materials can be used to set up pile frames on both sides of the border, covering shade objects, such as small bamboo poles, branches and leaves, etc., so that the shade degree in the shed is evenly distributed at about 80%. Raising seedlings in a low shed can save both labor and materials, and can also reduce Rain Water's erosion of the seedling bed, which is beneficial to the growth of seedlings.

② interseedling: from March to April, when the seedlings grew 2 true leaves, the seedlings were carried out to remove the weak and retain the strong, keeping the distance between the plants about 1 cm.

③ topdressing soil: after the seedlings, add 1000 kg of light human and animal dung water per mu, or sprinkle 1000 kg of water with 3 kg of urea. The above-mentioned fertilizers were forced to be applied again from June to July. After application, remove a layer of fine humus soil about 1 cm thick around the seedling root to stabilize the seedlings. From August to September, 50 kg of cake fertilizer powder and 250 kg of fine humus soil were mixed evenly and sprinkled on the border. From March to April in the second year, light dung water can be applied again, or urea 3 kg can be applied to 1000 kg of water, and the effect is very good.