How do the latest seeds grow?

Astragalus membranaceus, also known as cotton astragalus, astragalus, single fruit, etc., is a perennial herb belonging to the legume family. It has been used medicinally for more than 2000 years. It has enhanced immune function, liver protection, diuresis, anti-aging, anti-stress, antihypertensive and a wide range of antibacterial effects, and has a very high cultivation value. Let's take a look at how to plant astragalus seeds.

Growth environment of Astragalus membranaceus

Astragalus likes cool, cold and drought-resistant, and is afraid of heat and waterlogging. It is suitable for planting in sandy loam soil with deep soil layer, rich humus and strong water permeability. Strong saline-alkali land is not suitable for planting. Root vertical growth can reach more than 1 meter, commonly known as "whip pole qi". The soil sticky heavy root grows slowly with deformity, the thin soil layer has many horizontal roots and many branches, showing a "chicken claw shape", and the quality is poor. Avoid continuous cropping and should not rotate with potatoes and flax. The hard seed rate can reach 3060%. In the year of direct seeding, only stems and leaves grow but do not blossom, and the next year they blossom and bear fruit and can produce seeds.

Seed treatment of Radix Astragali

The main results are as follows: 1. Selected seeds: it is advisable to select a pure, pest-free and robust single plant of more than 3 years old as the mother plant. In autumn, when the pods are sagging and yellow, and the seeds turn brown, they are immediately harvested and picked as they mature. After harvesting, the pods were threshed, dried and stored, and the full, brown and glossy seeds were selected for production by water selection and air separation before sowing.

2. Seed treatment: Radix Astragali seeds are hard and solid. Seed treatment must be carried out before sowing to break the impermeability of seeds and improve the emergence rate of sowing.

3. Soaking seeds at variable temperature: several days before sowing, soak seeds in 40 ℃ warm water during the day, change cold water at night, treat them continuously for 3 days and nights, remove them and put them in a jar, cover them with a wet cloth and put them in a warm place to accelerate germination. After 3-4 days, they can germinate and sow seeds. You can also quickly stir the seeds in boiling water for 1 minute, immediately pour into cold water, cool the water temperature to 40 ℃, soak for 2 hours, pour out the water, cover the wet sack for 12 hours, and sow when the seed expands or the outer skin breaks.

4. Mechanical damage: mix 1 part of fine river sand and 2 parts of seeds evenly, put them on a medium-sized mill, spread them 3-4 cm thick, and grind them until the seed coat burrs. After grinding, the seeds were screened, soaked in 20 ℃ warm water for 1 day, piled in a warm place, germinated in about 5 days, and then sowed. Be careful not to overcrush the seeds.

5. Sulfuric acid treatment: for mature and hard seeds, soak them in 70% 80% sulfuric acid solution for 3 minutes for 5 minutes, then rinse them in running water for half an hour, or wash the residual sulfuric acid on the seeds with clean water for many times, and sow seeds after a little dryness, and the germination rate can reach more than 90%.

How to plant astragalus seeds?

1. Sowing at the right time: Astragalus can be sown in spring, summer and autumn. Spring sowing is carried out before and after "Qingming Festival", no later than "Grain Rain", summer sowing is carried out from June to July, and autumn sowing is generally carried out around "White Dew". The sowing time is different in different climatic conditions, so it should be mastered flexibly. For example, if the temperature is high in the south, autumn sowing will sow in September and seedlings will emerge before winter. In the north, the temperature is low, the resistance of seedlings is poor, and they are vulnerable to freezing injury. Autumn sowing should be sowed before winter and seedlings should emerge in the next spring. In the wind-sand arid area, it is difficult to keep the whole seedling in spring and autumn, and it is easy to cause pests when it comes out in spring. If sowing from June to July in summer, the seedling will emerge neatly and the seedling will grow healthily.

2. Live broadcast management: direct broadcast field management is convenient, and it is widely used in production at present, but it uses a large amount of species and grows unevenly, which affects the quality of goods and mining. Generally use hole sowing or strip sowing, but also sowing. Hole sowing in the good planting border surface according to the row spacing 33 × 27 (cm) to open a shallow hole, each hole sowed 4 × 5 seeds, cover soil thickness 2 cm, mu seed consumption 1 cm 1.5 kg, strip sowing in the border surface according to row spacing 45 cm horizontal ditch, ditch depth 3 cm, sowing seeds and plant ash, human feces and urine mixed well, evenly sprinkled into the ditch, after sowing to cover fine soil 1 cm 2 cm, slightly compacted, mu seed consumption of about 2 kg.

3. Seedling transplanting: seedling transplanting can save land, and after transplanting, the plant grows healthily, the rhizome grows neatly, it is easy to harvest, and the commodity quality is good, the yield is high, and its application in production has gradually increased in recent years. According to the row spacing of 20 cm to 25 cm, a horizontal ditch was opened on the border surface of the seedling field, with a depth of 3 cm and a sowing width of 10 cm. The seeds and plant ash were mixed evenly into the ditch, and the soil was covered with 2 cm thick, slightly pressed, watered, and covered with grass to keep warm and moisturizing. The amount of seed used per mu is 10kg to 15kg. When raising seedlings in spring, it is best to raise seedlings with plastic film in a small arch shed to raise temperature and preserve soil moisture, and grass curtain can be added to keep warm when the temperature is low. After the seedlings are unearthed in summer, in order to prevent the sun and maintain the humidity of the seedling bed, it is necessary to set up a shed curtain or shade with a black net, and the shade degree should be about 50%. The shade curtain should be removed on rainy days and at night to make the seedlings receive dew.

4. Field management: after Astragalus seedlings are unearthed, field management should be strengthened, weeds should be removed in time, and overdense and thin seedlings should be pulled out in time. When the seedling is 13-15 cm long and the root is 15 cm long, it can be transplanted. Transplanting should be carried out in the afternoon and evening on cloudy or sunny days, and the survival rate of transplanting is higher after rain. First of all, separate the large and small seedlings, and then open holes according to the row spacing of 20 cm and 12 cm, and plant 2 seedlings in each hole. After transplanting or planting, the seedlings should be irrigated or sprayed immediately to facilitate survival. Generally, about 20,000 seedlings are planted per mu.