How to plant the seeds of Fritillaria thunbergii?

Fritillaria thunbergii is a valuable traditional Chinese medicine for moistening the lungs and relieving cough. It often grows in temperate mountains and plateau coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forests, coniferous forests and alpine thickets. It likes cool climatic conditions, has the characteristics of cold resistance, humidity, fear of high humidity, and shade. The plant will wither when the temperature reaches 30 ℃ or the ground temperature exceeds 25 ℃. Low altitude and high temperature areas cannot survive. Let's take a look at how to plant the seeds of Fritillaria thunbergii.

Seed cultivation

When picking and digging from June to July, Fritillaria thunbergii selected bulbs with a diameter of more than 1 cm, no disease and no damage as seeds, and the bulbs were planted according to large, medium and small respectively, so that they were planted while digging, with bulbs of 100 kg per mu. From the second year after planting, Zhencaoning was sprayed before seedling emergence in March every year, weeds were pulled out and dilute human and animal manure water was applied in time after seedling emergence in early April, and topdressing was applied again from late April to early May. From July to August, the fruit was full and expanded, the fruit shell was yellow or brown, and the fruit was cut when the seeds were dry. After ripening treatment was carried out while fresh threshing or with fruit shell.

Post-ripening treatment

The shelled seeds of Fritillaria thunbergii are sifted with fine humus soil with a water content of less than 10%, one layer of fruit and one layer of soil, packed in a breathable wooden box and placed in a cool and damp place. The threshed seeds should be mixed at 1:4 (seed: humus) in the storage room or in a breathable wooden box. Keep the soil moist during storage, the pericarp (seed coat) expands for about 40 days, the length of the embryo exceeds the vertical axis of the seed by 2 stroke 3, the embryo apex is curved, and the mature embryo can be sown after completing the embryo shape.

Land selection and preparation

1. Site selection: it is appropriate to choose the leeward Yinshan or Banyin Mountain in the planting land of Fritillaria thunbergii, and stay away from wheat crops to prevent rust infection, and it is better to use loam or oil sandy soil with deep soil layer, loose texture and rich humus. One season of hemp can be planted in wasteland to purify weeds, mature land, improve soil structure and increase organic matter.

2. Soil preparation: the planting land of Fritillaria thunbergii needs to be prepared before freezing, remove weeds on the ground, deep plough fine rake, make a border 1.3m wide, use 1500 kg of fertilizer per mu, 50kg of calcium superphosphate and 100kg of cruller, and sprinkle it on the border surface after composting and ripening. Shallow turning, the border surface is arched.

Sowing method

1. Strip sowing: open a horizontal ditch with a depth of 1.5 cm on the border surface, spread seeds mixed with fine soil or plant ash evenly in the ditch, cover 3 cm of fine humus soil and cover the border with mountain grass or leafless branches, with seeds of 2 to 2.5 kg per mu.

2. Sowing: sow seeds evenly on the border surface, with 3000 seeds per square meter and 5000 seeds per square meter, covering the same strip.

3. On demand: when the fruit is not dry, the undried fruit is divided into 3 petals, and the holes are opened according to 5-6 cm plant spacing on the border surface, 1 petal per hole and 3 cm covered with soil. This method is more labor-intensive, but the emergence rate is high.