How to cultivate the latest bergamot seedlings?

Bergamot is a shrub or small tree of the citrus genus of Rutaceae. it is a tropical and subtropical plant that likes a warm, humid and sunny environment. It is planted in various places south of the Yangtze River in China, and most of the provinces in the south are cultivated in courtyards or orchards, which are usually used as traditional Chinese medicine. or as an ornamental plant because of its peculiar fruit shape, it has high cultivation value. Let's take a look at how to cultivate bergamot seedlings.

Air striping

Aerial striping propagation of bergamot is suitable to be carried out from May to July. Excessively high branches or branches with stable fruit are selected, cut obliquely up and down under the branches, deep to the pulp, put the scratched branches on the felt, tie the lower part tightly, fill the tube with soil, fasten the upper part, and set up a pillar. Water it every day. When the temperature is high and the water is sufficient, it can take root in 20-30 days. If there is bergamot fruit on the pressed branch, it must wait for the fruit to mature yellow for about 90 days before it can be cut off from the mother plant.

Grafting propagation

1. Leaning grafting method: in August to early September, the rootstock selects 4-year-old 5-year-old plants with a diameter of 2 cm and 3 cm in diameter, cutting off branches under some branches of the stem base, leaving only one branch, and then cutting off some of the cortex on one side of the branches, and then select the branches that occurred in spring or autumn last year as scions, which are similar in thickness to rootstocks, with a length of 5 cm. The lower part of the cortex is also cut off on the lower side of the scion, and then the section of the rootstock is leaned against the section of the scion, so that the two sides are closed and the middle is fastened with plastic film, which can heal after about a week.

2. Ventral grafting: in the early and middle of March, the rootstock was cut flat at 5 cm above the ground, polished with a grafting knife, and the smooth part was selected as an oblique section with a depth of 1 cm to 1.5 cm. The scion should have 2-3 buds, and the lower end should be cut into a wedge 1-1.5 cm long, then cut one side of the rootstock straight with the scion, closely insert it into the cut of the rootstock, bind it with plastic film, and generally merge and sprout and grow after half a month. At this time, the soil must be loosened and weeds must be removed. 45-60 days later, start to shoot, at this time must remove the bandage, otherwise the new shoot is easy to bend.

Cuttage propagation

1. Cuttings: 7-8-year-old mother trees should be selected before cutting, old and healthy branches that grow vigorously and free from diseases and insect pests should be cut off, leaves and top shoots should be cut off, cuttings that grow 17-20 cm should be cut, the survival rate of cuttings is more than 90%, and the seedlings are also growing healthily. No young tree branches or only long branches can be used, because such branches are often not easy to bear fruit after planting.

2. Soil preparation: the cuttage nursery bed of bergamot had better choose the sandy soil with thicker soil in order to collect seedlings in the future. After the cutting land is selected, it is necessary to deep plough and rake fine, and apply human and animal dung water at the same time, and then make a high border 1.3 meters wide, usually about 30 centimeters wide and 20 centimeters deep.

3. Cuttage: it can be cut from February to March in spring and from August to September in autumn, and autumn cutting is the best. When inserting, open a horizontal trench on the border with a distance of 23 to 27 centimeters, and insert the cuttings into the trench according to the plant spacing of 15 to 17 centimeters, which should not be inserted, usually requiring about 12000 to 15000 cuttings per mu. After insertion, the soil is compacted so that a bud at the front shows the surface of the soil, and the dry soil should be drenched with water.

4. Management: bergamot should be watered and irrigated at any time after insertion, and a shed should be built to cover the shade. Rain Water should do a good job of drainage. When the seedling is 7-10 cm high, remove the weak seedlings in clusters, leaving only one strong seedling per plant. Weeding in time, topdressing light human and animal dung water or ammonium sulfate for 3 times, cultivation for one year can be transplant.