The latest course of planting techniques and methods of seabuckthorn

Hippophae rhamnoides, also known as vinegar willow, yellow acid thorn, acid thorn willow, etc., is a deciduous shrub plant belonging to Hippophae rhamnoides of Elaeagnus family. It has high cultivation value, drought resistance and sand resistance. It can survive on saline-alkali land and is widely used for soil and water conservation. Hippophae rhamnoides is widely planted in northwest China for desert greening. Its fruit has high vitamin C content and is known as the king of vitamin C. Let's take a look at Hippophae rhamnoides planting technology together!

Growth Habits of Hippophae rhamnoides

Hippophae rhamnoides is a positive tree species, likes light, and is not very strict with soil requirements. It is distributed in corn soil, gray calcium soil, brown calcium soil, meadow soil and black protective soil. It can also grow in gravel soil, mild saline soil, sandy soil, and even in soft sandstone and semi-stone soil areas, but it does not like too heavy soil. There are certain requirements for precipitation, generally in the annual precipitation of 400 mm or more, but do not like water. The temperature requirements are not very strict, the extreme minimum temperature can reach-50℃, the extreme maximum temperature can reach 50℃, and the annual sunshine hours are 1500~3300 hours.

Propagation Technique of Hippophae rhamnoides L.

1. Sowing: Soak seeds before spring sowing, row spacing 10~15 cm, depth 3 cm. One week after emergence, when the first pair of true leaves appeared, began to thin seedlings, when the fourth pair of true leaves appeared, the second thinning, plant spacing maintained 5 cm. Autumn sowing should be carried out in late autumn, after sowing ridge surface cover, winter watering freezing, the next year emergence.

2, cuttage: cuttage selection of medium mature growth branches, insertion period from mid-June to August is not good, insertion time row spacing is (10~15)×(5~10) cm. Transplanted in spring of the second year, row spacing was (30~60)×(15~17) cm. Afforestation with 1~2 years asexual propagation seedlings, planting density is better, row spacing 4×2 meters.

Cultivation Techniques of Hippophae rhamnoides

1. Growth cycle: Hippophae rhamnoides growth is divided into seedling stage, fruit-hanging stage, vigorous fruit stage and decline stage. Within two years after planting, it mainly grows underground, and the above-ground part grows slowly. In 3~4 years, it grows vigorously and begins to bear fruit. The adult Hippophae rhamnoides tree is 2~2.5 meters high and the crown width is 1.5~2 meters. The fifth year enters the vigorous fruit stage. Generally, the age of the Hippophae rhamnoides enters the decline stage after 15 years.

2, planting density: Hippophae rhamnoides planting about 220 plants per mu, plant spacing 1.5×2 meters. Hippophae rhamnoides is dioecious, pay attention to the reasonable proportion of male and female when planting, generally 8 female plants with 1 male plant, the size of the tree hole specifications seedlings, generally 35 cm in diameter, 35 cm deep, seedling age to biennial tender cuttings is good.

3. Tree pruning: Hippophae rhamnoides trees should be cleaned and cut off diseased branches and dead branches in time, and the callus antiseptic film should be applied to the cut wound in time to promote wound healing and prevent bacterial invasion and infection. In the bud stage, young fruit stage and fruit expansion stage respectively, strong fruit pedicle spirit should be sprayed to thicken fruit pedicle, prevent flower drop, improve pollination ability, improve fruit setting rate and speed up expansion speed.

4. Promoting flower differentiation: The size of Hippophae rhamnoides fruit hanging year makes the tree body bear imbalance, which not only affects the balanced income, but also affects the health of the orchard tree body. It is necessary to brush the No. 2 flower bud differentiation period once a year, which can greatly promote flower bud differentiation, improve the flowering and fruit setting rate, inhibit the crazy growth of shoots, and completely balance the size of the year.

5. Disease control: The main disease of Hippophae rhamnoides is dry shrinkage disease. When planting, disease-resistant varieties should be selected. At the same time, field management should be strengthened, regular loosening should be carried out, soil permeability should be enhanced, and the disease resistance of plants should be improved. Chemical control began in late April, and the holes were irrigated with 500 times solution of 40% carbendazim or 800 times solution of thiophanate-methyl once a month for 3~5 consecutive times.

6. Pest control: Common pests of Hippophae rhamnoides include spring geometrid, apple leaf roller moth, seabuckthorn aphid and stem borer willow moth, etc. In the occurrence period of spring geometrid and apple leaf roller moth, spray 2500 times solution of 25% Mimekill or 3000 times solution of 20% Sumekill, and spray 2500~3000 times solution of 10% imidacloprid to control seabuckthorn aphid.

7, timely harvest: Hippophae rhamnoides fruit maturity period to the unique color and fruit size as a sign and determine the harvest period, due to the long many thorns, small fruit, thin skin easy to break, fruit stalk short can not naturally fall off, bring many difficulties to the harvest, so the labor used in harvesting almost 90% of the cultivation of Hippophae rhamnoides labor.

8, preservation technology: Hippophae rhamnoides fruit storage conditions are very strict, just harvested Hippophae rhamnoides fruit such as temporarily can not be sold, must be stored for a short time. Fruit storage must be kept at low temperature, ventilation and can eliminate harmful gases environment, storage temperature of 1~5℃ is appropriate, the relative humidity of the air should be maintained at 90~95%.