The latest course on planting techniques and methods of Magnolia trees

Magnolia, also known as Magnolia, Yutang Spring, Magnolia, Magnolia deciduous trees of Magnoliaceae, native to Anhui, Zhejiang, Hunan, Hubei, Guizhou, Guangdong, Shanxi and other areas, is also widely cultivated in Beijing and the south. Magnolia flower color is white, flowers smell fragrant, is an important early spring ornamental tree species in the garden, deeply loved by people, and begonia, Yingchun, peony, sweet-scented osmanthus planting, have good luck, rich meaning, and have the laudatory name of "Yutang spring rich". The cultivation and management techniques of Magnolia are introduced as follows, for reference only.

Common ornamental tree species in the same genus

There are about 90 species of Magnolia in Magnoliaceae and about 30 species in China. The common species and cultivated varieties in gardens are: Magnolia magnolia, Magnolia magnolia and so on.

Choice of planting environment

Magnolia likes light, young trees are more resistant to shade, not resistant to strong light and western sun, too strong light or western sun, it is easy to burn trees. Magnolia can be planted in the lateral light-blocking environment, but grow poorly under the big tree or in the shade, with small and yellow leaves, no flowers or small flowers; Magnolia is hardy and can withstand a short low temperature of-20 ℃, but it is not suitable to be planted in the tuyere, otherwise it is easy to strip, and measures such as entanglement can be safely carried out in the open field without entanglement in the leeward to the sun in Beijing area. Magnolia likes fertile, moist, well-drained slightly acidic soil, but can also grow normally in mild saline-alkali soil (pH 8.2, salt 0.2%). Magnolia is a fleshy root, afraid of stagnant water, the planting terrain should be high, and it is easy to rot roots and cause death in low-lying areas; Magnolia also has good soil permeability, but grows poorly in clay, and grows best in sandy loam and yellow sandy soil.

Excavation and planting of seedlings

Magnolia is not resistant to transplantation and is generally ideal for transplanting 10 to 15 days before sprouting or when the flowers have just withered but have not spread their leaves. The seedlings should be watered once 4 to 5 days before seedling emergence, which can not only make the plants absorb sufficient water, which is beneficial to the survival after planting, but also benefit the soil to form balls when digging seedlings. When digging, the root system should be hurt as little as possible, and the root wound must be smooth to facilitate wound healing. in addition, it should be noted that no matter how big the seedling is, the soil ball diameter should be 8 to 10 times of the seedling ground diameter, not too small, too small can not play the role of protecting the root system. After the earth ball is dug, it should be tied up with straw rope to prevent it from falling apart during transportation.

Dig the tree hole well before planting, the tree hole should be large, not small, the tree hole is too small, it is not only troublesome to plant, but also not conducive to root growth. The soil at the bottom of the tree pit had better be mature soil, and the soil should be treated or improved if the soil is too sticky or the pH value and salt content exceed the standard. The permeability of cultivated soil must be good, soil fertility must be sufficient, enough nutrients should be provided to plants, and there should be no impurities such as bricks, tiles, lime and so on in the soil. Planting depth should be appropriate, generally speaking, the planting depth can be slightly higher than the original soil ball 2 to 3 cm, too deep is easy to sprout, too shallow will make the root bare, but also easy to be blown down by the wind. Large size seedlings should be set up in time, and the bracket can be used with triangular support to prevent it from being tilted by the wind; after planting, it should be watered immediately, watered two days later, watered three days later, and can enter normal management after three days. If the seedlings have buds, the buds should be cut off to prevent flowering and fruiting from consuming a lot of nutrients and affecting the survival rate.

Water and fertilizer management

Magnolia is neither resistant to waterlogging nor drought, so the principle of "like wet and afraid of waterlogging" should be strictly followed in cultivation and maintenance. In the process of cultivation and conservation, many people think that Magnolia should be watered as little as possible, which is very wrong, because Magnolia is afraid of waterlogging does not mean it likes drought, and it likes wet environment. In water management, it is necessary to master the degree that the soil is neither too dry nor too wet. After years of cultivation practice, the author thinks that in the process of cultivation, the soil should be kept moist without stagnant water. In the process of conservation, the newly planted magnolia should keep the soil moist, which is also an important measure to ensure its survival rate. Watering Magnolia into normal management, turning green in early spring and anti-freezing water in early winter are indispensable, and should be fully watered thoroughly. In the growing season, water can be watered once a month, and watering should be stopped in the rainy season. Timely drainage should be done after the rain to prevent rotting roots caused by stagnant water. In addition, it should also be carried out in time to loosen the soil and preserve moisture. It should be noted that: in the rainy season dry period should also be timely irrigation, water shortage not only affect the vegetative growth of plants, but also lead to bud shedding or atrophy, affecting the flowering of the following year.

In addition, magnolia is planted in poor site conditions, especially in the environment where the hardened area is large and the green area is small, under the condition of continuous high temperature and drought, foliar spraying should also be given while watering the root, and water spraying should pay attention to the degree of atomization, the higher the degree of atomization, the better the effect is, the best spraying time is before 8:00 in the morning and after 6:00 in the evening, and cannot be carried out when the light is strong at noon. For Magnolia magnolia which suffered from waterlogging, it is necessary to save it at the first time, first, to eliminate stagnant water in time, second, to shade the trees, especially to prevent the western sun, and third, to cut off some leaves and buds.

Magnolia likes fertilizer, in addition to the application of base fertilizer when planting, it should be fertilized every year after that. Sufficient fertilizer can make the plant grow vigorously, the leaves are green and thick, not only have many buds, but also have large flowers, long flowering period and fragrant. Fertilizing Magnolia is carried out four times a year, that is, applying nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer before flowering, which can not only improve flowering quality, but also benefit spring growth; apply nitrogen fertilizer once after flowering, which can increase plant growth and expand nutritional area; apply phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer once in July and August, this time can promote flower bud differentiation and improve the Lignification of new branches. Before the beginning of winter, combined with watering winter water and applying a mature fermented ring fertilizer, this fertilizer can not only improve the activity of the soil, but also effectively increase the soil temperature, and the amount of fertilizer should be large rather than small. In addition, if the seedlings planted in that year do not grow well, they can be foliar sprayed with 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution, which can effectively enhance the tree potential.