The latest course on planting techniques and methods of ryegrass

The lack of green forage in winter and spring is still a factor limiting the improvement of production performance of herbivorous livestock. To solve this problem, planting ryegrass in winter fallow land after autumn harvest is an important way to develop herbivorous livestock in Huaibei area. Ryegrass generally yield about 3000 kg of fresh grass per mu, up to 5000 kg. Its stems and leaves are tender, nutritious and palatable. Nutritional composition: crude protein 4.93%, crude fat 1.06%, nitrogen extract 4.57%, calcium 0.075%, phosphorus 0.07%. The crude protein and crude fat content were three times higher than those of local weeds.

Characteristics of ryegrass

Ryegrass is an annual grass with strong adaptability, high yield, alkali resistance, barren resistance, cold resistance, disease and insect resistance, more tillers, strong regeneration ability and higher requirements for water and fertilizer. Therefore, it is necessary to select fertile soil with flat terrain and high organic matter content for planting, and to facilitate irrigation and drainage in order to obtain high yield.

soil preparation

1. Shallow tillage and stubble cleaning. Cotton, red taro, soybean and other autumn crops after harvest, shallow tillage once, turn out the residual roots left in the field before the crop, in order to fertilize, restore soil fertility. Shallow tillage is accompanied by harrowing 1- 2 times, which can preserve moisture and remove stubble, and prepare for fertilization and deep ploughing.

2. Apply sufficient base fertilizer. Due to the high yield of ryegrass, it needs more nutrients, so it must apply sufficient basal fertilizer. The fresh grass quantity of ryegrass is closely related to the amount of fertilizer. General mu fertilizer 5000 kg, 40 kg calcium superphosphate, ammonium bicarbonate 25 kg. The soil is broken up and scattered evenly, and the chemical fertilizer is scattered along the furrow and covered in the soil along with the plough.

3. Deep ploughing and fine harrowing. The ploughing depth is 20-22 cm, so that the soil in the ploughing layer is loosened and matured, which is beneficial to the growth of ryegrass roots and increases the ability of roots to absorb water and fertilizer. Ask the plow to the end, no lying. Plough and harrow at the same time, and artificially break large soil blocks to achieve fine soil level.

sowing

1. Sowing time. The sowing time of ryegrass in Huaibei area is generally later than that of autumn-sown wheat, but because ryegrass is planted in winter fallow land, it must be sown after vacating stubble. Therefore, the sowing date should be from October 20 to October 25. In this range, it is better to be early than late, otherwise it will affect the increase of ryegrass yield.

2. The method of sowing. In order to facilitate field management, drill with three-legged wood, generally sowing depth of 5 cm, the specific depth also depends on moisture content, soil quality, soil preparation and other flexible control, its amplitude should not be too large. When sowing, the requirements of "one flat, two clean, three eyes, three tight slow, three fierce and one weigh" shall be achieved.

3. Sowing quantity. Generally 7.5- 10 kg per mu sowing, depending on soil moisture, soil preparation quality, seed germination rate and other appropriate increase or decrease.