The latest common formula of hydroponic plant nutrient solution

Compared with soil culture plants, hydroponic plants have many advantages, and the quality of hydroponic plants is good. Because the nutrient solution of flowers is prepared according to the needs of flower growth, the cultivated flowers are large and many, strong taste, colorful and long flowering period. Hydroponic plants save nutrients, water and labor. Hydroponic plants only need to replenish nutrient solution regularly, which is easy to operate, labor-saving and time-saving. Clean, no weeds, few diseases and insect pests, today the editor mainly introduces two kinds of common hydroponic plant nutrient solution formula.

Allocation of nutrient solution for hydroponic plants

1. Matrix preparation

The main function of soilless culture substrate is to fix flowers and plants in containers. At present, soilless culture substrate is commonly used in China.

① sand grains less than 3 mm in diameter.

Natural gravel, pumice and volcanic rocks with a diameter greater than 3 mm of ②.

③ has good buffering property and does not sink in water of mica mineral vermiculite.

④ perlite. The effect is better when it is mixed with mudstone and sand.

The peat with good air permeability and strong water-holding capacity of ⑤ can be used as a matrix alone or mixed with slag. In addition, slag, brick, charcoal, asbestos, sawdust, fern root, bark and so on can all be used as substrates, and the matrix should be washed and disinfected before use.

2. Preparation of nutrient solution

The various elements and their dosage used in the preparation of nutrient solution for soilless cultivation of flowers should be determined according to the varieties of flowers planted and their different growth periods and regions.

Hoagland nutrient solution formula

At present, there are many formulations of nutrient solution for soilless culture in the world, and most of the works on soilless culture have collected many formulations. For example, Hewitt (1966) has collected about 160 formulations. Some recipes have been proved to be good after decades of use. Hoagland's formula, which is also the most primitive one, is said in many places to be discovered by Hoagland himself in 1935, but it is not. It was published in 1933 after a large number of comparative experiments between him and his research partner, which is the most primitive but still in use.

1. The formula of nutrient solution: calcium nitrate 945mg/L, potassium nitrate 607mg/L, ammonium phosphate 115mg/L, magnesium sulfate 493mg/L, iron salt solution 2.5ml/L, trace element 5ml red pH 6.0.

2. Improved Hoagland formula: calcium nitrate tetrahydrate 945mg/L, potassium nitrate 506mg/L, ammonium nitrate 80mg/L, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 136mg/L, magnesium sulfate 493mg/L, iron salt solution 2.5ml, trace element solution 5ml, pH 6.0.

3. Iron salt solution: ferrous sulfate heptahydrate 2.78g, disodium ethylenediamine tetraacetate 3.73g, distilled water 500ml, pH 5.5.

4. Trace element solution: potassium iodide 0.83mg/l, boric acid: 6.2mg/L, manganese sulfate: 22.3mg/L, zinc sulfate: 8.6mg/L, sodium molybdate: 0.25mg/L, copper sulfate: 0.025mg/L, cobalt chloride: 0.025mg/L.

5. Points for attention

If ① is used as compound fertilizer, it can be prepared with natural water, omitting trace element solution. If the nutrient solution for soilless cultivation needs to be prepared with artificial soft water, such as distilled water, trace element solution must be added.

② often mix the above nutrient solution into 10 or 20 times concentration and dilute it when used. Pay attention to the adjustment of pH before use (different plants have different requirements for PH, so they can be adjusted appropriately) in soilless culture, crops must contain 13 essential elements in order to maintain their normal growth and development, and all of them must be in a state that plants can absorb, that is, ion dissociation. In addition, the ratio between ions must be appropriate. Only when the nutrient solution has the above conditions, it is possible to make the crop develop well and obtain high yield. At present, there are hundreds of nutrient solution formulations published in the world, among which Hogan's solution is the most famous, which is widely used by nutrient solution testing and planting personnel all over the world.