The latest culture methods and matters needing attention of Anthurium andraeanum

Video: culture methods and matters needing attention of Anthurium andraeanum

Anthurium andraeanum is a perennial evergreen herbaceous flower, which likes warm, hot, humid and well-drained environment. It is afraid of drought and strong light exposure. It is suitable for growth of 2632 ℃ in daytime and 213.32 ℃ at night. Can bear the highest temperature for 35 ℃, tolerable low temperature for 14 ℃, originated in South America, Europe, Asia, Africa are widely cultivated, the following editor to introduce the cultivation methods and points for attention of Anthurium andraeanum what!

Culture conditions of Anthurium andraeanum

Red palm sex likes warm, hot, humid and well-drained environment, afraid of drought and strong light exposure. The suitable day temperature and night temperature for its growth are 2632 ℃ and 2132 ℃ respectively. The highest tolerable temperature is 35 ℃ and the bearable low temperature is 14 ℃. The light intensity should be 16000-20000 lx, and the air relative humidity (RH) should be 70%-80%.

Anthurium andraeanum is native to Costa Rica, Colombia and other tropical rain forests. Often epiphytic on trees, sometimes epiphytic on rocks or growing directly on the ground, sexual preference for warm, humid, semi-shady environment, avoid direct sunlight. Native to the moist, semi-shady valleys of the tropical rain forests of South America, it is widely cultivated in Europe, Asia and Africa through introduction and improvement and greenhouse cultivation with light, temperature and water regulation systems.

Propagation methods of Anthurium andraeanum

The propagation of Anthurium andraeanum includes cutting propagation, sowing propagation, tissue culture and so on. at present, excellent plants are mainly obtained by sexual hybridization. However, because Anthurium andraeanum is a cross-pollinated plant, the offspring of hybrid seeds with high hybrid will have extensive character segregation and great variation. Therefore, asexual propagation methods such as ramet, cuttage and tissue culture are often used in production in order to obtain plants with the same characters as the mother plant.

1. Ramet propagation

Anthurium andraeanum has strong tillering ability, which can be combined with inter-seedling, seedling transfer and bud removal of cut flowers to separate the small and medium-sized lateral buds from the mother, and then cultivate the lateral buds into new plants. the specific methods should be carried out in the following aspects:

The ramet period of ① is mainly in the cool and humid spring, and it can also be ramified in the cool weather in autumn. Never split in a hot summer or in a dry and cold season.

② should pay attention to the principle of not harming the mother plant, too large lateral buds, too tight lateral buds, too weak lateral buds, mainly separate lateral buds that are easy to separate from the mother plant and are more robust, with at least two main roots or more.

When transplanting seedlings of ③, the lateral buds can be separated from the mother plants by uniform force by hand, and when it is difficult to separate, the lateral buds can be cut open at the bud eyes with a sharp disinfection blade. Cut flowers to remove buds should first be plucked from the soil layer, pay attention to the distribution of the root system and the bud eye of the underground stem, carefully cut the bud eye, and then take out the lateral bud.

The lateral buds cut by ④ were planted in a cool place after the wound was slightly dried to promote root and restore growth. When planting, the root system should be flattened, the plant should be upright, it should be supported if necessary, it can not be watered immediately after planting, it can be sprayed to the leaf surface to maintain humidity, and watering or thin fertilizer solution can be applied according to the situation after 2 days.

The disadvantages of ramet and cutting propagation are slow growth, difficult disinfection of materials and easy to carry diseases and insect pests (such as root-knot nematodes, bacteria and viruses, etc.). Ramet seedlings and tissue culture seedlings have the same technical requirements, except that the former is taller and stronger than the latter.

2. Sowing and reproduction

In Anthurium andraeanum breeding, sowing is the main way to obtain new varieties of Anthurium andraeanum. Anthurium andraeanum fruit is a kind of berry, it must be sowed with picking, peel and pulp should be removed before sowing in order to avoid rot and mildew and affect the germination rate of seeds. Sowing method can use pure sand germination method, sowing seeds in clean river sand, sowing depth of 0.5-0.8 cm, maintain a certain humidity, generally about 15 days can germinate, new leaves will soon grow. When the leaves reach 5 to 6 leaves, they can be transplanted to the substrate of pure perlite mixed with peat soil or coconut bran at 1:2 for pseudo-cultivation.

3. Tissue culture

Tissue culture is a propagation method in which plant materials are cultured in medium and new plants are obtained. the whole process is completed under aseptic conditions in the laboratory. The breeding materials must be strictly sterilized and detoxified in order to provide guarantee for the acquisition of non-toxic clone seedlings.

The propagation materials of Anthurium andraeanum are mainly callus and leaves. The reason for using callus as breeding material is that the cloned seedlings are not easy to mutate, but it is very difficult to obtain non-toxic calli. The leaves are easy to disinfect and easy to operate, but the disadvantage is that the leaves are not smooth, and the plants formed by culture are prone to mutation, but this mutation can be controlled artificially.

In the bottle seedling stage, the tissue culture seedlings completed the growth process under a variety of artificially provided optimal growth conditions. The experimental conditions are very different from the external natural conditions, so it is necessary to let the bottle seedlings go through a transitional process of strengthening and refining seedlings, so that the bottle seedlings can adapt to the external natural conditions smoothly.

[note] the culture method of Anthurium andraeanum is divided into hydroponic culture method and pot culture method according to the different culture conditions. then the editor will introduce the hydroponic culture method and pot culture method of Anthurium andraeanum.