Consolidating the Agricultural Foundation for the Construction of the Yangtze River Economic Belt and Developing the Present Situation in Accordance with Local Conditions

The Fifth Plenary session of the 18th CPC Central Committee pointed out that agriculture is the basis for building a moderately prosperous society in an all-round way and realizing modernization, and agricultural modernization should be vigorously promoted. The Yangtze River Economic Belt is an important grain producing area in China. Six provinces are major grain producing areas. The total output value of agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery accounts for 40% of the country's total output value, and the rice output accounts for 65% of the country's total. The Yangtze River Economic Belt is rich in agricultural resources, has obvious advantages in agricultural infrastructure, and has a good agricultural foundation, which plays an important role in ensuring China's food security. Making good use of the agricultural resources in the Yangtze River Basin and improving the development level of modern agriculture in the Yangtze River Economic Belt plays a fundamental role in promoting the construction of the Yangtze River Economic Belt.

In order to improve the development level of modern agriculture in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, we must protect and make good use of the precious agricultural resources in the Yangtze River Basin. The rich and high-quality agricultural resources in the Yangtze River economic belt are favorable conditions for the development of modern agriculture, but for a period of time, agricultural development is faced with serious resource and environmental constraints, such as excessive reclamation, deforestation, soil erosion, water and farmland pollution, agricultural waste pollution and so on. Only by solving the problems of resources and environment can we ensure the development of modern agriculture. Efforts should be made to control the pollution of the Yangtze River, control the pollution of sewage enterprises, control the pollution of agricultural production, popularize bio-organic fertilizers, strengthen the management of agricultural irrigation water, popularize water-saving technologies, and reasonably adjust the price of agricultural water; implement the environmental impact assessment system for large-scale livestock and poultry farming and make resource use of livestock and poultry manure. At the same time, we should strengthen the building of the legal system, promote the research and application of environmental protection technologies, and provide legal protection and technical support for environmental protection. On this basis, according to the actual situation and development advantages of different areas in the upper, middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River economic belt, we should build agricultural superior industrial belts, characteristic industrial belts and high-level modern agricultural demonstration zones in the main agricultural production areas according to local conditions. to promote the development of modern agriculture.

The mountainous and grassy woodland in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River economic belt can focus on developing characteristic ecological agriculture represented by herbivorous animal husbandry, relying on natural ecology and ethnic minority customs to develop leisure agriculture and rural tourism. The upper reaches of the Yangtze River economic belt is the ecological protection barrier of the Yangtze River basin. Rational development should be carried out on the premise of protecting woodland and grassland, combined with returning farmland to forest and forestry base construction, focusing on developing organic animal husbandry and creating green brands. Combine ecological protection with the development of organic agriculture. More than 40 ethnic minorities live in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River, and their customs and cultures are well preserved. We can make full use of the advantages of minority culture and natural landscape to develop rural tourism and leisure agriculture.

The middle reaches of the Yangtze River Economic Belt is rich in cultivated land and water resources, which can further improve the level of agricultural mechanization, develop moderate-scale agriculture, promote the construction of modern agriculture, and create core areas for grain production and dominant areas for major agricultural products. The middle reaches of the Yangtze River economic belt is the main grain producing area in China, but the population in the plain is dense and the per capita land resources are short, which leads to the decentralization of land management, which makes it difficult to popularize mechanized farming and limits the increase of farmers' income. In this regard, we should improve the land circulation system, develop appropriate scale operation, strengthen the input of agricultural infrastructure and agricultural machinery, improve the level of agricultural production equipment, increase labor productivity and land output rate, strengthen the policy preference to the main grain producing areas, increase farmers' enthusiasm in agricultural production, strictly protect cultivated land, strengthen the standardized management of cultivated land occupation-compensation balance in accordance with the law, and build high-standard farmland. Extend the agricultural industrial chain, promote agricultural industrialization, and increase the added value of agricultural products.

The lower reaches of the Yangtze River Economic Belt is rich in capital, technology and human resources. under the premise of stabilizing grain production, we can focus on developing efficient and high-quality agriculture and urban agriculture, and speed up standardized production and intensive brand management. Focus on attracting high-quality professionals into the agricultural field, train new farmers, strengthen the popularization of agricultural science and technology, improve the scientific and technological level of agricultural production, encourage land circulation and develop appropriate scale operation; under the premise of strengthening supervision and risk prevention, guide industrial and commercial capital to carry out agricultural management; deepen the reform of supply and marketing cooperatives and improve the agricultural socialized service system Formulate agricultural production standards to ensure the quality and safety of agricultural products; innovate the development and management system of urban agriculture, enhance the ecological and service functions of agriculture, provide ecological barriers for cities and leisure places for residents.

(author: Wuhan University)