The latest propagation methods of lotus

Lotus is a perennial aquatic herb. Relatively stable calm shallow water, lakes, marshes, marshes and ponds are its suitable growing places, which are divided into two categories: ornamental and edible. It has been cultivated in China for more than 3,000 years. The main propagation methods are lotus propagation, lotus root propagation, lotus rhizome propagation and sowing reproduction. Let's take a look at these propagation methods of lotus.

Split lotus root propagation

The propagation of lotus root is usually carried out from mid-March to mid-April. Early planting will affect the cold current, and the lotus root is vulnerable to freezing injury. In the north, transparent agricultural film can be used to cover the cold current. Before planting, the basin mud should be mixed into a paste. When planting, the top of the lotus root is inserted at an oblique angle of 20 degrees along the edge of the basin, and the bowl lotus is about 5 cm deep. The large lotus is about 10 cm deep, the head is low and the tail is high, and the tail is half warped up to keep the end of the lotus root from entering water. After planting, put the pot in the sun to make the surface soil crack, so that the lotus root is completely bonded with the soil, then add a small amount of water, wait for the bud to grow, gradually deepen the water level, and finally maintain the water layer of 3-5 cm. In the early stage of pond planting, the water layer is the same as the basin lotus, and in the later stage, the lotus leaves are not submerged.

Propagation of lotus root

Lotus root, that is, the apical buds of the main lotus root, seed lotus root and sun lotus root, are all dynamic meristems, which are surrounded by thick scales, and the internal tissues are covered with layers of young leaves, terminal buds, axillary buds and flower bud organs. Cutting the terminal bud to raise seedlings is a technology to breed a new generation by using the continuous growth of the terminal bud. Usually when the temperature rises to 15 ℃ in spring, the buds begin to sprout. The propagation of lotus with terminal bud is the most suitable for the production of vegetable lotus root, which can not only save a large amount of lotus root, facilitate transportation, but also reduce diseases, which is worth popularizing.

Lotus root propagation

The propagation of lotus rhizome is usually carried out in the growing season when the lotus whip elongates and many standing leaves grow on the whip node. Planting in the pond can follow the direction of the lotus root in the pond, touch to the bud, leave 2 leaves to break the lotus root and take it out, and transport it to the pond that needs to be planted or immediately planted in this pond. Pot-planted lotus can be planted in June-August when the new lotus root is initially formed, turn the pot to take the lotus root whip, new lotus root, and retain a few lotus leaves, change the pot and transplant to promote the re-flowering. The propagation of lotus root rhizome must be based on local materials and planted in situ to protect the terminal buds and standing leaves from being damaged.

Sowing and reproduction

1. Seed selection: Lotus seeds have a long life, and seeds of hundreds or thousands of years can also germinate. Sometimes in order to speed up reproduction, when the seed coat changes from cyan to yellowish brown in mid-July, it can also sprout immediately. However, if the seeds are sown after the next year, the lotus seeds should not be harvested until the lotus seeds are fully mature and the seed coat is black and hardened. The harvested seeds should be dried and stored in an indoor dry and ventilated place. Therefore, mature and full seeds should be selected for propagation.

2. Sowing: it is suitable to sow lotus seeds at a daily temperature of about 20 ℃. In order to reach the number of lotus seeds harvested in the same year, the general sowing time is mid-early April. Hualien is sown from early April to mid-July, and it can generally blossom in the same year. It can also be sown from late July to early September, but because of the low temperature in the later stage, it can only form plants and can not achieve the purpose of flowering.

3. Sprouting: the method of sprouting is to cut the concave end of the lotus tail through the hard shell with scissors, so that the seed coat is exposed and be careful not to hurt the germ. Put the broken lotus seeds in the sprouting basin and soak the seeds with clean water. The water depth is generally maintained at about 10 cm. The water is changed once a day. 4-6 days later, the germ can be exposed. When it is hot in summer, sowing should be properly shaded, and the change of water every day should be increased to once in the morning and evening. Because of the high temperature at this time. It takes only 2 days for lotus seeds to show their germs.

4. Raising seedlings: there are mainly two ways of raising lotus seedlings: pot breeding and seedling bed. Pot cultivation means that the pond mud is sparse in the basin, and the basin soil accounts for 2 to 3 of the basin. To raise seedlings in a seedbed, generally choose a nursery bed that is 100 centimeters long and 100 centimeters wide and 25 centimeters high, and then add 15-20 centimeters of thin pond mud to flatten it. Finally, the seeds that promote budding are arranged at a distance of 15 centimeters, sow in turn into the mud, and keep 3-5 centimeters of water.

5. Transplanting: when the seedlings grow to 3-4 floating leaves, they can be transplanted. One seedling per pot should be planted along with the transplant and transplant with soil to improve the survival rate. In the field, 700 seedlings are generally planted per mu. In order to promote the normal growth of the seedlings, the shallow water should be kept in the early stage, and the water level should be raised gradually according to the growth of the seedlings.