The latest culture method of primrose

Primrose is the earliest flower in many flowers, dignified and beautiful, extraordinary temperament, so it is very popular, cultivation history of more than 1000 years, the Tang Dynasty Bai Juyi poem "Ying Chun Hua Zhao Liu Lang Zhong", the Song Dynasty Han Qi "Zhong Shu Dong Ting Chun" and the Ming Dynasty Zhou Wenhua compiled "the History of Runan Pu" are recorded, let's take a look at the breeding methods of primrose!

Propagation methods of primrose

1, cutting propagation: spring, summer and autumn can be carried out, cut semi-lignified branches 12-15 cm long, inserted into the sand, keep moist, about 15 days to take root.

2. Striping propagation: the longer branches are buried shallowly in the sandy soil, do not need to be scratched, take root after 40-50 days, and separate from the mother plant in the following spring.

3. Split propagation: it can be carried out when the buds sprout in spring. When transplanting in spring, part of the aboveground branches should be amputated, and the lodging soil should be brought. It can also be dried, that is, after cutting in the whole seedbed, it can be filled with water. Cutting can be carried out from mid-October to mid-November or in spring.

Culture methods of primrose

1. Soil: the cultivation of primrose has certain requirements for soil, which requires loose, fertile and well-drained sandy soil to grow vigorously in acidic soil and poor in alkaline soil.

2. Temperature: when the summer sun is hot and high temperature occurs, the primrose should be moved to the semi-shady place, which is more beneficial to its growth. Before and after the Spring Festival, move the pot into the greenhouse or plastic greenhouse, keep the room temperature at about 15 ℃, and the flowers can be seen in about 15 days.

3. Watering: Yingchun likes to be moist, watering 1-3 times according to the dry and wet degree of the soil from flowering to flowering, often watering before the rainy season, no topdressing in the growing season, and no watering after the establishment of autumn, in case the branches are too long and tender to survive the winter safely.

4. Fertilization: when planting to welcome the spring, several pieces of animal hooves should be put at the bottom of the bowl as base fertilizer. During the spring growing period, mature and thin liquid fertilizer should be applied once or twice a month. Spring flower bud differentiation period is from July to August, so liquid fertilizer with more phosphorus should be applied to facilitate the formation of flower buds. Such as in the early stage of flowering, the application of a rotten thin organic liquid fertilizer can make the flower color bright and prolong the flowering period.

5. Pruning: the primrose has a strong germinating power. During the growth period, it is necessary to often pick the heart, cut off or cut off some branches in order to maintain the tree shape. After the flower withered, the branches should be cut short, generally leaving only 2-3 buds, the main branch can leave a few more buds, after the new branches are born, if properly maintained, the buds will grow.

6. Insect pests: there are few common diseases and pests in primrose, which are mainly caused by aphids. The control method is spraying 40% omethoate emulsion, dichlorvos 1500-1800 times or tobacco liquid.

Control of diseases and insect pests of primrose

1. Mosaic disease

Symptom: a whole-plant disease caused by cucumber mosaic virus CMV. The symptoms are that the leaves become smaller and deformed, with dark green markings or yellowing. Infected plants do not blossom, or flowering, flowers are also short and deformed, with markings. The main route of transmission is peach aphid and cotton aphid. The main source of infection is the susceptible plants of surrounding weeds.

[prevention and control] first of all, weeds should be removed in time to reduce the source of infection. Secondly, aphids should be prevented and controlled as soon as possible to eliminate virus transmission vectors.

2. Brown spot

[symptoms] mostly occur in the spring of the four seasons. It is caused by Alternaria of the subphylum Alternaria. There are brown spots on the leaves of infected plants. The route of transmission is that conidia are transmitted by wind and rain.

[prevention and treatment] at the initial stage of the disease, 70% chlorothalonil wettable powder 1000 times liquid and other fungicides were sprayed.

3. Grey mold

[symptom] is one of the common diseases of primrose, which occurs all over the country. After the plant was infected, the whole plant yellowed and withered. It mainly infects leaves, tender stems, floral organs and other parts, mostly at leaf tip and leaf edge. At the beginning of the disease, the leaves appeared water-immersed spots, and then gradually expanded, turned brown and rotted. In the later stage, a gray-yellow mildew layer was formed on the surface of the lesion. After the stem was infected, the disease spot was brown and gradually rotted. After infection, the floral organ also became brown and rotted and fell off. Under moist conditions, a gray mildew layer appears in the disease, which is a major feature of the disease.

[prevention and control] planting density should be reasonable. Pay attention to ventilation and reduce air humidity. Diseased leaves and diseased plants are removed in time to reduce the source of infection. At the initial stage of the disease, 1500 times of 50% Sukeling or 50% Prohydantoin wettable powder was sprayed. It is best to apply alternately with 65% carbendazim wettable powder 500 times to prevent drug resistance.

4. Spot disease

[symptoms] mainly harm the leaves of the plant. The disease spread from the lower part of the plant to the upper part. The spot is usually 3 to 4 mm in diameter, brown, and in severe cases, the diseased leaves die, resulting in fallen leaves. The disease is caused by Alternaria alternata. The pathogen overwintered on the diseased residue by mycelium or conidium, and the seeds could also carry bacteria, which became the source of initial infection in the second year. The disease is mainly spread by conidia in the air and Rain Water. Re-infection is frequent in the growing season. Plants are usually prone to disease in warm and humid weather and partial application of nitrogen fertilizer. The disease usually begins in July and is prevalent from August to October.

[control] breeding disease-resistant varieties, strengthening fertilizer and water management, increasing application of organic fertilizer and phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, and avoiding partial application of nitrogen fertilizer. At the initial stage of the disease, 70% methyl topiramate was sprayed with 1000 times solution plus 75% chlorothalonil wettable powder 1000 times solution, or 1 ∶ 1 ∶ Bordeaux solution.

5. Leaf spot

[symptoms] the disease often occurs on leaves and receptacles. At the initial stage, water-immersed irregular spots were produced along the leaf veins, then yellowed and browned, the lesions enlarged and the leaf margin dried up. In severe cases, it withered from the lower lobe.

[prevention and control] strengthen cultivation management, cultivate disease-free seedlings, disinfect the soil of seedling bed, release air in time in greenhouse and reduce air humidity. Remove the remains of the diseased plant in time. After the attack, 50% copper succinate wettable powder or 72% agricultural streptomycin wettable powder 4000 times were sprayed.