What is the latest information about sweet-scented osmanthus?

Osmanthus fragrans is a common name for many trees of the genus Oleaceae, also known as osmanthus, Jiuli incense, golden millet, etc., one of the top ten traditional flowers in China. Osmanthus fragrance is a fine ornamental and practical garden tree species with greening, beautification and fragrance in one. It is widely used in garden construction. There are many kinds of horticulture, the most representative of which are cinnamon, silver cinnamon, cinnamon, laurel and so on. Among the ancient Chinese poems about flowers, the number of works about cinnamon is also considerable, and it has been deeply loved by the Chinese people since ancient times.

Osmanthus fragrans are evergreen trees or shrubs, 3 to 5 meters high, up to 18 meters high, with grayish brown bark and yellowish brown branchlets. Leaf blade leathery, elliptic, long elliptic or elliptic-lanceolate, base attenuate to cuneate or broadly cuneate, entire or usually upper half serrulate, both surfaces glabrous, glandular dots connected into vesicles on both sides. Cymes clustered in leaf axils or nearly broom-shaped, with multiple flowers in each axil, bracts broadly ovate, flowers extremely fragrant, Corolla yellowish white, yellowish, yellow or orange-red. The fruit is askew, oval, purple-black. The flowering period is from September to the first ten days of October and the fruiting period is in March of the following year.

Osmanthus fragrans is suitable for subtropical climate and is warm and humid. The average temperature of planting area is 14: 28 ℃, the average temperature in July is 24: 28 ℃, the average temperature in January is above 0 ℃, the lowest temperature is-13 ℃, and the optimum temperature for growth is 15-28 ℃. Humidity is extremely important to the growth and development of sweet-scented osmanthus, requiring an average annual humidity of 75-85% and an annual precipitation of about 1000 mm, especially when young and adult trees blossom, and will affect flowering in case of drought. Strong sunshine and shade are harmful to its growth, generally requiring 6-8 hours of light a day.

Osmanthus fragrans are native to the eastern part of the Himalayas in southwest China, and are also distributed in India, Nepal and Cambodia. Wild sweet-scented osmanthus grows in southwest China, Sichuan, southern Shaanxi, Yunnan, Guangxi, Guangdong, Hunan, Hubei, Jiangxi, Anhui, Henan and other places. It is widely planted in the Huaihe River basin and south. Its suitable area can reach the lower reaches of the Yellow River in the north and Liangguang, Hainan and other places in the south. And formed Anhui Lu'an, Hubei Xianning, Hunan Taoyuan, Jiangsu Suzhou, Guangxi Guilin, Hubei Wuhan, Zhejiang Hangzhou and Sichuan Chengdu several national famous sweet-scented osmanthus commodity production bases.

After long-term planting, natural hybridization and artificial breeding, sweet-scented osmanthus has produced many cultivated varieties. Through further investigation and cleaning, 32 sweet-scented osmanthus varieties have been preliminarily identified. In terms of design and color, it can be divided into golden cinnamon, silver cinnamon and cinnamon. As far as the leaf type is concerned, there are willow leaf cinnamon, golden fan cinnamon, dripping yellow, sunflower leaves, firewood stalk yellow. As far as florescence is concerned, there are August cinnamon, four seasons cinnamon, Yuejia and so on.

Sweet-scented osmanthus yellowish white, fragrant, extract fragrant oil, make sweet-scented osmanthus extract, can be used in food, cosmetics, can make cakes, candy, and can make wine. Sweet-scented osmanthus can be used as medicine, flowers, fruits and roots are used as medicine, flowers are picked in autumn, fruits are picked in spring, roots are picked in four seasons and dried in the sun. It has the effect of dispelling cold and breaking knot, resolving phlegm and relieving cough. it is used for toothache, cough and dyspnea, dysmenorrhea and abdominal pain. Fruity pungent, sweet, warm, with the effect of warming the stomach, calming the liver and dispelling cold, for deficiency and cold stomachache. Root sweet, slightly astringent, sexual flat, with the effect of dispelling rheumatism and dispelling cold, for rheumatic muscle and bone pain, low back pain, kidney deficiency toothache and other diseases.