The latest course of planting techniques and methods of Pinus tabulaeformis

Pinus tabulaeformis is a kind of pine tree, pine coniferous evergreen tree, endemic species in China, produced in northeast, central plains, northwest and southwest provinces, wood rich in rosin corrosion resistance, suitable for buildings, furniture, sleepers, pillars, poles, artificial fibers and other materials, with extremely high cultivation value, let's take a look at Pinus tabulaeformis planting technology!

Growth Habits of Pinus tabulaeformis

Pinus tabulaeformis is a light-loving, deep-rooted tree species, like dry and cold climate, in the deep soil layer, good drainage acid, neutral or calcareous loess can grow well. China is located in the south of Jilin, Liaoning, Hebei, Henan, Shandong, Shanxi, Inner Mongolia, Shaanxi, Gansu, Ningxia, Qinghai and Sichuan provinces. It is born in the zone of 100~2600 meters above sea level. It mainly consists of simple forests. The vertical distribution increases gradually from east to west and from north to south. There are artificial forests in Liaoning, Shandong, Hebei, Shanxi and Shaanxi provinces.

Sowing Technique of Pinus tabulaeformis

1. Seed collection: selecting Pinus tabulaeformis with beautiful tree shape, good dryness, strong resistance and no disease and insect pests from 30 to 50 years old as seed collection mother plant, placing the collected cones in a ventilated place for drying after the cones mature in early October, disinfecting the seeds with 75% chlorothalonil wettable particles 800 times solution after seed cleaning, and storing them in a low temperature dry place for later use by dry storage method.

2, container seedling: choose leeward sunny, easy to operate as a nursery ground. The nursery ground should be ploughed and made into a low bed or a flat bed. A nutrient bowl with a height of 10 cm and a diameter of 7 cm was used as a nursery container, and a substrate was made of sandy loam and decomposed and fermented cow and horse manure, which was disinfected.

3. Germination and sowing: seeds of Pinus tabulaeformis should be germinated before sowing. They can be soaked in warm water at 45℃ for 24 hours. After absorbing enough water, they should be covered with wet cloth. Water should be sprayed every day. After one week, the seed coat can be cracked and used for sowing. Before sowing, arrange the nutrient bowls neatly on the seedbed, and then sow, sow 5 to 7 seeds in each nutrient bowl, cover with plain sand after sowing, the soil thickness should exceed 2 cm of the bowl height, then spray water, and keep the bowl soil moist frequently.

Disinfection of Chinese pine nursery

1. Pentachloronitrobenzene: 4g of 75% pentachloronitrobenzene and 5g of zineb are used per square meter of nursery land. After mixing the two drugs, mix them with 12kg of fine soil and cover them when sowing. This method has special effects on controlling anthracnose, blight, damping-off and sclerotium spread by soil.

2, formalin: 50 ml of formalin per square meter of nursery water 10 kg evenly sprayed on the surface, and then covered with straw bags or plastic film, stuffy for about 10 days to remove the cover, so that the gas is distributed, after 2 days can be sown cuttings, to control blight, brown spot, angular spot, anthracnose and other good results.

3. Bordeaux mixture: spray soil with 2.5 kg of Bordeaux mixture and 10 g of Sailisan per square meter of nursery land. When the soil is slightly dry, sow cuttings. It has obvious effect on controlling black spot disease, spot disease, gray mold, rust, brown spot disease and anthracnose.

4, carbendazim: carbendazim can control a variety of fungal diseases, ascomycetes and semi-fungi caused by the disease effect is very obvious, soil disinfection with 50% wettable powder, 1.5 grams per square meter, can control root rot, stem rot, leaf blight, gray spot disease, etc., can also be prepared into toxic soil according to the ratio of 1:20 scattered on the seedbed, can effectively control seedling diseases.

5, ferrous sulfate: with 3% solution to treat the soil, 0.5 kg per square meter of liquid medicine, can control coniferous flowers and trees seedling blight, peach, plum leaf shrinkage disease, but also can cure iron deficiency flower yellowing disease.

6. Diammonium: Diammonium is an organic sulfur fungicide with strong bactericidal power. It can penetrate into plants. After decomposition in plants, it still has certain fertilizer efficiency. With 50% aqueous solution of Diammonium 350 times, irrigating 3 kg diluent per square meter of nursery soil, it can prevent and control black spot, downy mildew, powdery mildew and blight of flowers. It can also effectively prevent and control various diseases of bulbs.

7, sterile: sterile bacteria, really strong, slag evenly mixed into the tree hole, can effectively prevent root diseases and underground pests, soil disinfection should be carried out before sowing.

Seedling Techniques of Pinus tabulaeformis

1. Soil preparation for bed: apply 50 jin of ferrous sulfate before soil preparation, then turn 20 cm deep with shovel, and then make bed flat. The width of the bed is 1.5 meters and the length is 20 to 50 meters. Make ridges and make beds. Plant seedlings of about 50 cm according to the row spacing of 1.5 meters ×1.5 meters. Digging holes at fixed points, one row per row, planting 300 plants per mu.

2. Digging holes for planting seedlings: When planting Pinus tabulaeformis, one row for each ridge shall be fixed in the center of the ridge. The hole shall be 30×30 cm, and the loose soil shall be 4 to 5 cm. If the soil ball packed with straw rope is not untied, if it is nylon rope and plastic packaging, it must be untied, so as not to cause the evil consequences of planting dead seedlings. After the seedlings are planted, the surface of the bed can be watered. If the seedling leaves yellow, iron deficiency, ferrous sulfate need to be applied.

3. Fertilizer and water management: After planting Pinus tabulaeformis, apply water twice a week, loosen soil and preserve moisture later, irrigate again at the beginning of May, and then do not irrigate in dry weather. Apply fertilizer once in June and ferrous sulfate once in August. Dig holes and apply them at the edge of the plant. In loosening weeding, can be carried out once in 20 days, careful requirements, generally up to 4 to 5 cm deep, requirements hoe evenly, soil pine without La, grass hoe net, pick up net.

4, Pinus tabulaeformis plastic: plastic pruning is to ensure that Pinus tabulaeformis tree beautiful, neat and consistent, good growth, does not affect the city's public welfare facilities construction and people's lives for the purpose of the necessary management technology. What measures should be taken depends on the specific purpose of greening places, locations, occupied space and artistic modeling. Generally, it is inseparable from removing redundant branches, diseased branches, and thinning out long branches with inappropriate growth direction.

5. Pest control: The prevention and control of pests and diseases of Pinus tabulaeformis should follow the principle of "timely detection, active prevention and control, and small treatment". After pests and diseases are found in the growing season, they should be timely organized for drug control. In winter, the trunk should be painted white or sprayed with stone sulfur mixture to eliminate the trunk eggs and pupae.

Cold Protection of Pinus tabulaeformis

1. Soil covering cold protection method: soil covering cold protection is to bury the overwintering Chinese pine seedlings in the soil throughout the winter, so that the Chinese pine seedlings and seedbed soil maintain a certain temperature, which is not affected by rapid changes in temperature and other external adverse factors. At the same time, it can reduce the transpiration of Pinus tabulaeformis seedlings and evaporation of soil moisture, maintain a certain amount of soil moisture, help to maintain the water balance in the seedlings, and effectively prevent the occurrence of freezing injury and death caused by physiological drought of Pinus tabulaeformis seedlings.

2. Grass covering cold protection method: cover the seedbed with straw or weeds, wheat straw, etc. to prevent frost damage. Cover in early winter when the soil freezes, the thickness is slightly appropriate to not expose seedlings. When it snows for the first time, shake the grass cover so that the snow falls into the gaps between the rows of Pinus tabulaeformis seedlings, so as not to crush the seedlings of Pinus tabulaeformis again. 1 week before seedling emergence in spring, remove the covering grass for 2~3 times to avoid frost of Pinus tabulaeformis seedlings. If the seedbed is too dry before mulching, irrigation can be carried out to keep the soil moist, but do not irrigate after the soil freezes.

3, set up barriers cold method: for evergreen conifer seedlings or some precious tree species and newly introduced broad-leaved tree seedlings, when its growth is weak, can take barriers cold. In the cold zone, false planting area, should be every 20~25 meters with the whole bundle of straw clip a cold barrier. The cold barrier should be removed twice within 3~5 days before seedling emergence in spring, and should not be removed too early. Cold barriers can not only reduce wind speed, so that Pinus tabulaeformis seedlings reduce cold damage, but also conducive to soil moisture conservation, increase snow, effectively prevent spring drought.

4. Winter irrigation cold-proof method: The results of experiments in various places show that winter irrigation cold-proof method can be adopted for conifer seedlings such as Pinus tabulaeformis, Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica and Platycladus orientalis. furrow (or bed footpath) is plowed into deep furrow, plowed soil is covered on both sides of ridge (bed), lateral irrigation is carried out on ridge (bed) surface before soil freezing, and irrigation is thoroughly carried out, so that Pinus tabulaeformis seedlings and soil keep sufficient water, so as to meet a small amount of water consumption of Pinus tabulaeformis seedlings during winter, and avoid and alleviate physiological drought phenomenon.

5. White cold-proof method: White cold-proof method has certain effect on Chinese pine seedlings wintering and cold-proof. The specific method is: preparing 1:1.5 1% Bordeaux mixture with increased lime and paste emulsion, spraying on Pinus tabulaeformis seedlings. Spraying should be done before the soil freezes. In the whole winter, the appearance of Pinus tabulaeformis seedlings is gray, which can not only reflect sunlight, prevent rapid temperature change, but also block leaf stomata, inhibit transpiration, protect seedlings and prevent diseases.

6. Film cold-proof method: The cold-proof method is widely promoted and applied in production. Seedbed seedlings such as spruce, fir, yew, Platycladus orientalis and cypress are used for seeding seedlings. Iron tendons and bamboo chips are used to support the arch on the seedbed. The plastic film is covered to make a small arch shed. The surrounding is buried with soil. It is simple and easy. The bottom water is poured before the film is coated, and the film is covered with heat preservation and moisture, and the temperature and humidity are suitable. It is convenient to manage. In cold winter, thick straw curtains can be covered on the plastic arch shed to play a role in cold protection and heat preservation.

7, chemical control method: antifreeze spray before freezing with antifreeze, generally sprayed 3 to 5 times.