The latest course on techniques and methods of Camphor Tree Seedling cultivation

Cinnamomum camphora is a large evergreen tree of the camphor family, which is produced in the southern and southwestern provinces of China, and is also distributed in Vietnam, Korea and Japan. All plants have camphor aroma and are resistant to harmful gases such as chlorine, sulfur dioxide, ozone and fluorine. Camphor can be extracted and camphor oil can be extracted. Wood is a good material for making furniture. Let's take a look at camphor tree breeding techniques.

Growth habits of camphor trees

Camphor trees like light, shade tolerance, warm and humid climate, cold tolerance is not strong, suitable for growing in sandy loam, more resistant to water and moisture, but when transplanting should pay attention to maintain soil moisture, waterlogging is easy to cause rotting roots to die of hypoxia, but not resistant to drought, barren and saline-alkali soil. The main root is well-developed, deep-rooted and resistant to wind. Strong sprouting ability, resistant to pruning. The growth rate is medium, and the tree is as large as an umbrella, which can hide from the shade and cool.

Cutting seedlings of Cinnamomum camphora

1. Cuttings selection: camphor trees use sprouting seedlings after cutting or root tillering seedlings of robust camphor trees and annual branches of 2-year-old seedlings 20,60cm from the ground, and the survival rate of cutting seedlings can reach 700.90%. Before cutting, it should be treated by ring peeling or ring peeling and softening.

2. Treatment of cuttings: cut back the cuttings of camphor trees and then cut them to grow cuttings of about 4cm to 5cm, leaving a leaf in the upper part, and the larger leaves can be removed. Obliquely inserted on the border, the depth is half of the ear, the inserting bed is an earth bed, the bed is covered with about 5 cm thick heart soil with good permeability, and the shade on the seedling bed is 90%. General management is carried out after insertion, and water is drenched once a day from 11 to 12:00.

3. Cutting time: it is better to cut camphor trees when the temperature is 24: 26 ℃ and the humidity is more than 80%. From the point of view of growth and development, from February to April, Cinnamomum camphora blossoms, germinates, shoots and changes leaves. The new leaves are young and tender, so it is difficult to select cuttings and is not suitable for cutting. The rapid growth period of new shoots is from May to October, and it is easy to take the branches of the same year, and the cutting is the most suitable, and the low temperature from November to December is not suitable.

4. Cutting management: during the rooting period of camphor trees, the bed temperature is generally controlled at 15: 28 ℃, the relative humidity is maintained at 80% 90%, 0.2% borax solution or 3% Bordeaux solution is sprayed once a week to promote healing rooting and prevent the occurrence of diseases and insect pests. The nylon film was covered in the early stage after insertion and began to be removed when the healing tissue was produced. According to the different cutting seasons, the time of turning the bed is 10-15 days, and the number of times is 2-3 times. When turning the bed, it was found that the cuttings with roots up to 3-4 cm long were transferred into a nutrition bag to raise seedlings.

Sowing and raising seedlings of camphor trees

1. Seed collection. Camphor tree fruit falls off when it is ripe, and birds peck at it. Every year from October to December, mature seeds are collected and stored in sand, and they can be germinated and sown at the beginning of March. There are 720008000 seeds per kilogram, the germination rate is 700.80%, and the sowing amount is 1015kg per mu.

2. soil preparation and fertilization: carry out the first ploughing and harrowing at the beginning of winter, carry out the second ploughing and harrowing before sowing, and apply sufficient base fertilizer, which is generally 1500000kg / mu of rotten barnyard manure or 50kg of carbon amine, 50kg of phosphate fertilizer and 150kg of vegetable cake. then build a high bed, generally the bed is 35-50 cm high and 1.2 meters wide.

3. Accelerating germination and sowing seeds: camphor trees need to germinate before sowing, and the seeds can be soaked in warm water of 50 ℃. After cooling in warm water, the seeds can be soaked in 50 ℃ water for 3 times and 4 times, which can make the seeds germinate 10 days earlier. The row spacing of strip sowing is about 20 cm, and the sowing amount is 1015kg per mu. After sowing, the soil is covered with straw or plastic film to keep the topsoil of the seedling bed moist to facilitate seed germination.

4. Tending management: after the seedlings are unearthed, the straw or plastic film should be removed in time. After the seedlings grow several true leaves, the seedlings can begin to grow, and the seedlings can be fixed at a height of about 10 cm. There are about 20,000 camphor trees per mu. After July, it is necessary to strengthen the management of fertilizer and water, and often loosen the soil and weed. Stop topdressing and irrigation at the end of autumn. Topdressing is generally 2-3 times, the first two times can use urea 7-10 jin, the last can use 10 kg of urea and 7.5 kg of phosphate fertilizer.

5. Timely transplanting: the transplanting time is from mid-late March to early-middle April, and the transplanting density is about 1500 plants per mu. Along with the movement, cut the pole about 10 cm off the ground after transplanting, when the bud grows to 10 cm or so, the main rod can be determined, cut off the excess branches and buds, leaving a relatively sturdy branch. 2000 kg barnyard manure is applied to the bed in winter. In this way, the DBH of 3-year-old seedlings can reach more than 3 cm.