Production and maintenance of the latest bonsai of Carthamus tinctorius

Safflower sill wood is often used to make bonsai, can make single dry type, double dry type, dry type, qu dry type and jungle type and other different forms of bonsai, the crown can be processed not only natural shape, but also can be processed into different sizes, staggered round shape, processing methods can be used to tie, pull and trim and other means, let's take a look at the production and maintenance of safflower bonsai!

Propagation methods of Carthamus tinctorius

1. Grafting: grafting is mainly carried out by cutting and bud grafting, which can be carried out from February to October. It is better to cut before sprouting in spring, and bud grafting should be carried out from September to October. The small and medium-sized plants of Castanopsis carlesii were used as rootstocks for multi-head grafting to strengthen the management of water, fertilizer and pruning, which could be out of the nursery within one year.

2. Cutting: cutting can be carried out from March to September, and loose loess is selected as the cutting substrate to ensure that the cutting substrate is ventilated, permeable and high air humidity, keep warm but avoid direct sunlight, and pay attention to the ventilation and ventilation of the cutting environment. Under warm and humid conditions, the cuttings formed a red callus in 20-25 days, and a month later, 3-9 new roots with a diameter of 0.1 cm and a length of 1 cm were formed.

3. Sowing: when sowing in spring and summer, the seed germination rate is high, germinate about 25 days after sowing, grow to 6-20 cm high in one year, and shoot 3-6 branches. The new roots of seedlings are red and fleshy, which must be carefully managed in the early stage, and can not be managed extensively until the roots become lignified and brown. Because of its long seedling stage, slow growth and the emergence of albino seedlings (atavism), sexual reproduction is generally not used in seedling production, but in safflower breeding.

Production of bonsai of Carthamus tinctorius

1. Isolated planting: select tall and plump plants to be planted in important positions or concentrated points of sight, such as near the entrance, in the courtyard or in the lawn, and pay attention to the strong contrast with the surrounding landscape, so as to achieve the effect of "a little red in the green clump". Can play the role of the central point of view of the landscape or guide the line of sight.

2. Cluster planting: embellishing safflower wood balls and other plants in clusters in the garden green space, which not only enriches the landscape color, but also activates the garden atmosphere. If it is planted in clusters with green tree species, it can play the role of icing on the cake, with safflower as the main tree species planted in groups to form a scenic forest, the unique leaf color and posture are very beautiful all the year round, and its beautification effect is far better than that of a simple green scenic forest.

3. Group planting: the seedlings of annual safflower trees are densely planted in the green space to form color blocks, which can be matched with golden leaf privet, spring rhododendron, summer rhododendron, golden leaf elm, Phnom Penh, etc., not only can form color contrast through leaf color contrast, and florescence can also be staggered, this kind of use should choose transparent bone red strain.

4. Spherical: the safflower sequel is trimmed into a ball and arranged in the green belt, which is mainly divided into two types: hair ball and fine ball. The hair ball is mainly made after 1-3 years of trimming, which is mainly used in the management of slightly extensive large green space. The fine ball has to be trimmed for at least 3 years and is mainly used in delicate gardens such as villa courtyards.

5. Color hedges: color hedges are closely planted with safflower successors to fence and separate the space. Seedling specifications should be selected according to the specific use of color hedgerows. For example, color hedges of 70 cm to 80 cm can be selected in green space, while color hedges higher than 2 meters are mostly used as green walls in the periphery of green space.

6. Color carving: direct cultivation or modeling of safflower trees into green sculptures such as animals and geometric shapes, which are placed in the green space as garden sketches. For this kind of use, transparent red strains should be selected.

7. Pile scene: making use of the characteristics of fast growth, large leaves and sparse branches of double-sided safflower, it is directed to cultivate it into a large pile scene, which can be used in the greening of high-grade gardens and can also be used as the focus of flower beds.

8. Street trees: Carthamus tinctorius is cultivated into small colored-leaf trees by pruning control, and it can also be cultivated by grafting with alpinia mandshurica, which is mostly used as street trees in the community, and this kind of use should be used as transparent red strains.

Maintenance of bonsai of Carthamus tinctorius

1. Soil: Carthamus tinctorius likes acidic soil, and the soil is too alkaline, which will make the bonsai grow poorly until death. It is ideal to use river sand, coal ash and yellow loam for breeding safflower wood basin at 3:2:5. It can also be used for river sandy yellow loam at 3:7 or sandy yellow loam, with a layer of well-drained coarse sand or ceramsite in the bottom layer.

2. Pruning: pruning and shaping is particularly important for the cultivation of bonsai. In order to ensure the ornamental type of bonsai, overlord branches, long branches, tufted branches, weak branches in the inner hall, insect pests and other branches should be removed during its growth period. And pruning and picking leaves at the growing point can adjust the flowering or red leaf stage. Heavy shearing should be more appropriate before and after flowering or in early autumn, and the effect of turning the basin is better. Cut off the residual flowers and fruit of Carthamus tinctorius as soon as possible after flowering so as not to consume nutrients.

3. Turning the basin: turning the basin is beneficial to the growth of Carthamus tinctorius. When turning the basin, we should pay attention to pruning old roots, only growing roots, overlapping roots, disc roots, thinning dense roots, removing rotten roots and withered roots, removing persistent soil, and replacing new soil. The interval between turning the basin looks at the growth of the pile scene, depending on the size of the pot, generally, the large basin is 3-4 years, the medium basin is 2-3 years, and the small basin is 1-2 years. Special circumstances can be carried out at any time.

4. Fertilization: Carthamus tinctorius fertilization adheres to the principle of applying thin fertilizer and more fertilizer, diluting fertilizer and water through cake twice a month during the growing period, adding 1% urea occasionally, spraying 800-1000-fold solution of potassium dihydrogen phosphate before flowering stage can promote flower bud differentiation and enhance flower color. 0.5% ferrous sulfate solution should be sprayed once a season to keep the soil acidic. Fertilization should be carried out on cloudy or sunny evenings.

5. Watering: watering of Carthamus tinctorius bonsai should be controlled flexibly according to season, climate and pot size, and plant growth should be flexibly controlled. In principle, each watering must be thoroughly watered to keep the soil moist but without stagnant water. In the middle of summer, in addition to watering and foliar spraying in the morning and evening, appropriate shading should be possible to avoid local withering on the edge of the leaves caused by the roots of the basins or the burnt leaves, and the high temperature will also make the leaves turn green. Affect the viewing.

6. Diseases and insect pests: Carthamus tinctorius has a strong ability to resist diseases and insect pests, but it is not likely to have black spot, soot, shell insects and other diseases and insect pests in management. Therefore, attention should be paid to the monitoring of diseases and insect pests when breeding safflower trees, and early detection and early treatment should be achieved.