The latest course on cultivation techniques of hibiscus flower

Hibiscus flower is a common courtyard shrub flower, also known as hibiscus flower, palm flower, big bowl flower, hedge barrier flower and so on. It is a deciduous shrub or small tree of Malvaceae. It is colorful and suitable to be planted on both sides of roads, parks and courtyards. It can be planted alone, arranged or fragmented, with fast growth and luxuriant branches and leaves. Let's take a look at the cultivation techniques of hibiscus flowers.

Growth habits of hibiscus flower

Hibiscus flowers are mainly distributed in the tropics and subtropics and originated from the African continent. There are many species of hibiscus in Africa, showing rich genetic diversity. Strong adaptability to the environment, more resistant to dryness and barren, not strict requirements for soil, especially like light and warm and humid climate. Slightly tolerant to shade, warm and humid climate, resistant to pruning, heat and cold, but cultivated in northern areas need to protect overwintering, good moisture and drought tolerance, lax soil requirements, can also grow in heavy clay. Strong sprouting and tillering.

The cultivation value of hibiscus flower

1. Gardens: hibiscus flowers are important flowering shrubs in summer and autumn, with flower hedges and hedges in the south and gardens and indoor potted plants in the north. Hibiscus has strong resistance to harmful gases such as disulfide and chloride, but also has a strong dust retention function, so it is the main greening tree species in polluting factories.

2. Edible: hibiscus flower has high nutritional value, including protein, fat, crude fiber, reducing sugar, vitamin C, amino acid, iron, calcium, zinc, etc., as well as flower buds with flavonoid active compounds. The taste of hibiscus is crisp and full blooming. The hibiscus juice made from hibiscus flower has the health effect of relieving thirst and awakening the brain. Patients with hypertension often eat vegetarian hibiscus flower soup and vegetables have a good therapeutic effect.

3. Medicinal use: hibiscus flowers, fruits, roots, leaves and bark can be used as medicine, which can prevent and cure viral diseases and reduce cholesterol. Flowers contain saponins, isovitexin, saponins, etc., which have certain inhibitory effect on Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella typhimurium. it can treat intestinal diarrhea, internal treatment of nausea, dysentery, prolapse of anus, hematemesis, lower blood, gills, leucorrhea, etc., and external application can treat sore and furuncle swelling.

Propagation methods of hibiscus flower

1. Ramet: before the ramet germinated in early spring, the adult plants with vigorous growth were dug up and planted according to the plant and row spacing of 50 × 60 cm with 3 main branches as one clump.

2. Cutting: hibiscus cuttings can be combined with pruning and shaping from mid-March to early April. Open-air cutting in red soil or sandy soil is easy to survive when the temperature is between 17 ℃ and 20 ℃.

3. Sowing: the sowing and reproduction of hibiscus is carried out in April in spring. After the fruit matures in October, it is most suitable to collect seeds from November to December. After harvest, the seeds are stripped and stored at low temperature, and then sowed or sowed in April.

4. Striping: the transverse branch of the wood is very easy to take root, dig a shallow ditch next to the mother plant before germination in spring, press the one-year-old branch horizontally into the trench, cultivate the soil, keep the soil moist, and root and shoot quickly.

Cultivation techniques of hibiscus flower

1. Transplanting: hibiscus can be transplanted in spring and autumn, and its bare roots can be dipped in mud. If some branches are cut off properly, it is easy to survive. When planting, the planting hole should apply base fertilizer, generally apply compost or rotten circle fertilizer with a small amount of compound fertilizer, but do not apply fertilizer later.

2. Fertilization: in order to improve the yield and quality of flowers in the process of cultivation, hibiscus should top fertilize the weak trees before flowering in summer, and use heap to mix an appropriate amount of compound fertilizer, combined with weeding and soil application at the base.

3. Watering: in the process of cultivation, hibiscus flowers should pay attention to drainage and waterlogging in the rainy season, pay attention to irrigation in the event of drought during flowering, and cut off late autumn shoots, over-dense branches, weak twigs and withered branches at the end of autumn, so as to facilitate ventilation and light transmission, maintain plant type and prevent cold and winter.

4. Pruning: hibiscus flowers planted as hedgerows should be pruned 2 or 3 times before spring germination and during growth, and those scattered in the garden should be cut off in the spring of the second year after planting to promote their base branching, so that 2-year-old seedlings can be cultivated into an ideal tree shape.

5. Soil cultivation: weeding and soil cultivation should be carried out 2 or 3 times during the growth of hibiscus flowers. The soil was cultivated for the first time before the seedlings germinated in spring, and the fourth to fifth leaves were cultivated for the second time when the branches grew 4 ~ 5 leaves combined with weeding.

6. Insect pests: the main pests of hibiscus flowers are red spiders, aphids, coir moths, nocturnal moths, longicorn beetles and so on. When diseases and insect pests occur, the branches of diseases and insect pests can be cut off, and safe, efficient and low-toxic pesticide spray control or trapping can be selected. Attention should be paid to early prevention and control, to avoid pesticide application during the flowering and harvest period, and to ensure that the harvested hibiscus flowers are not contaminated by pesticides.

7. Diseases: common leaf spot and rust of hibiscus flowers were sprayed with 65% zinc wettable powder 600 times. Pests include whitefly and beetle, mainly aphids, as well as inchworm and leaf roll moth, which can be sprayed with 1000 times omethoate EC. The safe deworming method for the environment is to use diluted detergent.