The latest course of planting techniques and methods of Broussonetia papyrifera

Broussonetia papyrifera is also called peach tree, milk tree, broussonetia papyrifera, etc. It belongs to deciduous arbor of Moraceae. It has the characteristics of fast growth, strong adaptability, wide distribution, easy reproduction, high heat and short rotation period. Its root system is shallow, lateral roots are widely distributed, growth is fast, germination and tillering are strong, pruning resistance is strong, pollution resistance is strong, and cultivation economic value is very high. Let's take a look at the planting technology of Broussonetia papyrifera together.

Growth Habits of Broussonetia papyrifera

Broussonetia papyrifera can grow on plains, hills or mountains, likes light, cold and drought resistance, water and humidity resistance, likes acid soil, can grow normally in calcareous soil and neutral soil, can tolerate mild saline-alkali, and can grow normally in mild saline-alkali soil with pH 8.7 and salt content of 0.2%. Its germination is strong and resistant to pruning. The root system is shallow and easy to string roots. Strong resistance to toxic and harmful gases such as sulfur dioxide, hydrogen fluoride and chlorine.

Propagation method of broussonetia papyrifera

1. Seed collection: Broussonetia papyrifera is usually propagated by seeds or cuttings. In order to overcome the large number of fruit drops at maturity of female plants and affect environmental sanitation, male plants can be used as scions to cultivate grafted seedlings for planting. The seeds are propagated in October of each year. The ripe fruits are collected, mashed in a barrel, rinsed, and removed to obtain pure seeds, which can be dried and stored for later use.

2. Selection of nursery land: select leeward sunny, loose fertile, deep and non-ponding loam land as nursery land, prepare soil and fertilize one month before sowing, the soil preparation depth reaches more than 30 cm, the soil is finely divided and leveled, and 150 kg of crushed cake fertilizer or 1000~1200 kg of manure are applied per mu. The seeding bed is 1.0 m wide, 8 - 10 cm long, about 15 cm high, and the drain is 30 cm wide.

3. Sowing time: The sowing time of Broussonetia papyrifera is generally in the middle and late March. Before sowing, it must be germinated with wet fine sand. Generally, the seeds are soaked in clean water for 2~3 hours. After drying, they are mixed evenly with fine sand twice as much as the seeds. They are stacked indoors for germination. Check regularly and keep wet. When the seeds have 30% crack mouth, they can be sown.

4. Sowing method: The planting method is usually used for planting trees. The row spacing is 25 cm. The general sowing rate is about 0.15 kg per mu. When sowing, the seeds and fine sand should be mixed evenly and then sprinkled into the furrow. The soil should be covered with no seeds. The grass should be covered to prevent bird damage. At the same time, attention should be paid to moisture. When 30 - 40% seedlings emerge, the mulch should be removed in batches in the afternoon.

Planting Techniques of Broussonetia papyrifera

1. Afforestation density: Afforestation of trees is not limited by conditions and topography. It can be planted in a concentrated manner or at any time. It can be planted on both sides of ditches, ponds, banks and streams, in front of houses and behind houses. The planting density varies according to the purpose of afforestation. Generally, the planting density is 1.5 meters apart, 2 meters apart, and about 200 plants per mu. For the purpose of establishing soil and water conservation forest and fuelwood forest, 330~660 trees per mu are suitable.

2. tending management: young forest land of Broussonetia papyrifera is easy to produce miscellaneous irrigation, which affects the growth of trees. In order to make the forest neat, grow healthy and improve the yield and quality of the forest, cutting and removing irrigation is a necessary work for tending management of forest land. It should be carried out once or twice a year. If necessary, weeding and fertilization of forest land can be carried out. In addition, for scattered and mature old trees, timely pruning and regeneration should be carried out to promote their branches, improve the yield per unit area, and at the same time facilitate leaf picking.

3. Trunking and pruning: Trunking shall be carried out according to the demand during planting of Broussonetia papyrifera. Three branches with strong growth, uniform distribution and different tracks shall be selected from the newborn branches for main branch culture, and all other branches shall be thinned out. At the end of autumn, the selected main branches shall be slightly truncated, and two branches shall be selected on the main branches for branch culture in the next year. The branches shall be cut short at the end of autumn, and the secondary branches shall be selected on the branches in the third year. In this way, the basic tree type is formed.

4. Disease and pest control

① Insect pests: The pests of broussonetia papyrifera include Lymantria, Silkworm moth and mulberry shoulder beetle. The adults can be killed by black light lamp, and the larvae can be controlled by pollution-free chemicals. The suspension of 20% diflubenzuron 7000 times or 1.2% nigrosine 2000 times can be sprayed. Silkworm moth can be trapped by black light lamp, and can be sprayed with 20% Kangfuduo concentrated solution 3000 times during larva and adult stage. Apriona germari can kill adults and larvae artificially, and fumigate the larvae in the dry with aluminum phosphide.

② Disease: The common disease of Broussonetia papyrifera is leaf brown spot disease, which is caused by infection of half fungi. There are brown spots on the leaves at the early stage of the disease. With the development of the disease, the spots gradually increase and connect into pieces, finally leading to yellow leaves and early fall. The peak period of disease is from June to August during high temperature and humidity. The disease can be effectively controlled by spraying 800 times solution of 75% thiophanate-methyl wettable powder or 500 times solution of 60% zinc visible powder once every seven days for three or four consecutive times.