The latest four seasons camellia cultivation methods and precautions

At present, the four seasons camellia is one of the most precious camellias blooming in the four seasons in the world. at present, there are only 840 camellias in the world, also known as rhododendron red mountain tea, four seasons rhododendron tea and so on. The flowers are large in color and flourish when they are in full bloom. They are quite like rhododendrons, the leaves are thick and green, and there are rhododendron leaves. They grow vigorously and bloom throughout the year. Let's take a look at the breeding methods and matters needing attention of camellias in the four seasons.

Growth habits of Camellia in four Seasons

The four seasons camellias grow on both sides of the dense forest and sparsely populated streams. The average annual temperature in the growing area is 22.1 ℃, the highest temperature is 38.4 ℃, the lowest temperature is-1.8 ℃, the average temperature in July is 28.2 ℃, and the average temperature in January is 14.3 ℃. The annual sunshine hours are 1200 hours and the frost-free period is 350days. The average annual rainfall is 3428.9 mm and the relative humidity is 85%. The parent materials of soil formation are granite, red soil and soil pH5.5~6, which are generally distributed in the lower layer of the canopy and are semi-positive tree species with more shade tolerance.

Propagation methods of Camellia in four Seasons

1. Cuttage: most of the cuttings are carried out from May to June, it is appropriate to select the strong annual branches as cuttings, cut them into 10-12 cm long, leave the upper 2-3 leaves, and remove the lower leaves. Insert into Susha seedbed or flowerpot. River sand or loose mountain soil can be used as basin soil. After planting, pour water thoroughly, spray water properly later, keep the soil moist, and provide shade, it can take root in about 60-70 days.

2. High pressure: the method is to select the branches of the previous year from April to May, peel the ring in the high pressure part, peel the ring 0.5 cm wide, wrap the ring peeling part with an appropriate size of plastic film, the length of the package is 10-15 cm, tie up the lower mouth first, and moist culture soil inside, often keep the soil moist, and then fasten the upper part of the mouth, and then cut it off and plant it again.

Culture methods of Camellia in four Seasons

1. Soil: the four seasons camellias have high requirements for soil, generally, the soil contains high humus, the PH value is between 5 and 6.5, and is slightly acidic, and the best soil configuration is 50% of mountain soil, 40% of sawdust or edible fungus residue, 10% of cake fertilizer powder or livestock manure and phosphorus fertilizer powder.

2. Illumination: camellias avoid strong light in the four seasons. You must pay attention to the sun when planting. Sufficient light is required in spring and autumn, but you must avoid being exposed to direct sunlight in summer. As long as you are exposed to strong light for too long, it is easy to die.

3. Temperature: camellias of the four seasons are neither cold-resistant nor heat-resistant, and the most suitable temperature is 18-25 degrees, so the ambient temperature should not be too high or too low, otherwise it will affect its growth. In winter, the indoor temperature must be above 3 degrees. If it is below 0 degrees, it will cause frostbite.

4. Watering: camellias in the four seasons like a humid environment, not too dry, not too wet, not dry and wet, more watering in spring, watering both morning and evening in summer, autumn and spring, it is best to water before and after the plant in winter.

5. Fertilization: camellias in the four seasons prefer fertilizer, but there is also a degree of fertilization, which must not be too much. Generally, it is possible to apply fertilizer about 3 times in nearly half a year after flowering, and once in winter. In order to make the flowers more beautiful, it is best to put more phosphate fertilizer in fertilizer.

6. Pruning: the pruning of camellias in the four seasons is very important, generally cutting off the branches and diseased and weak branches that affect the shape of the tree, as well as the arrangement of flower buds, once the buds are too dense, they should also be combed and picked in time after withering, so as to reduce the consumption of nutrients.

7, turn the basin: the four seasons camellia generally turn the basin once every two years, changing a large basin is conducive to its growth, the best time to turn the basin is in April, do not remove all the old soil, but also add a small amount of base fertilizer to it, and then water it.

8. Diseases and pests: camellias in the four seasons are easy to get sick, and the common diseases are black mildew and anthracnose. At this time, only 0.5 degree Bordeaux liquid is needed. The pest is mainly tea tip moth. At this time, the main point is to cut off the tip.

Matters needing attention of camellias in the four seasons

The main results are as follows: 1. Camellias in the four seasons are not suitable for intensity pruning, the development time of flowers, leaves and buds is longer, and the formation of tree crown is more uniform, which basically does not need special pruning, as long as cutting off disease and insect branches, overdense branches, weak branches and truncated long branches.

2. Camellia is a multi-flowered tree species, especially on weak plants, if the buds are dense, it will consume too much nutrients, which is disadvantageous to the plant growth, so bud picking is an important part of cultivation and management.

3. The flowering period of camellias in the four seasons is longer, and the whole flowering period is as long as one year, so picking close to withered flowers in time is of great benefit to reduce nutrient consumption and enhance tree vigor.

4. the camellias of the four seasons should be given sufficient sunlight in the spring and Meiyu period, otherwise the branches will develop weakly, which will easily cause the damage of bituminous coal disease and shell insects or epiphytic moss, resulting in withered branches, senescence or death.

5. The camellias of the four seasons should be shaded and cooled in time in the high temperature season in summer and autumn. when the temperature drops below zero in winter, the buds will fall off or the stamens will be frozen. The indoor overwintering temperature of pot seedlings should be kept at about 3: 4 ℃.

6. The fertilizer application amount of camellias in the four seasons should be mastered that the strong seedlings should be applied more, and the weak seedlings should be applied less or not. for the seedlings whose growth is too weak, the pot soil should be changed instead of fertilization, and the effect is also very good.

7. Camellias in the four seasons have high requirements for air circulation, and it is most suitable to grow in the breeze, but they are afraid of the northwest wind and strong wind, because the northwest wind and strong wind are easy to make the water evaporate too fast, lose the balance between supply and demand, and is not conducive to growth.