Common orchid species and their main horticultural varieties in China

There are many kinds of terrestrial orchids in China. After long-term introduction and cultivation, many varieties with certain ornamental value have been gradually selected and bred. According to the different flowering seasons, those with one stem and one flower in February or March are called Cymbidium; those with several flowers per stem in mid-spring are called Cymbidium; those with more than one stem in June and July are called Cymbidium; those with more than one stem in August, September and October are called Cymbidium. In November and December, those who have more than one stem are called cold orchids; those who have more than one flower in the first month of the lunar calendar are called orchids. In traditional Chinese magnolia, especially Cymbidium and Cymbidium are further classified according to the shape of petals and the color of bracts. The characteristics of each species and the main horticultural varieties are described as follows: (1) Chunlan 1. Plum petal outer three short round, shaped like the lotus petal of plum blossom, holding the petal from the pocket, lip straight, hard but not rolled back. The main varieties are Song Mei, Tangmei, Wangjingmei, Gui Yuanmei, Shuiyingmei, Tianzhang, Shiyuanmei, Lvying, Ruizhimei, Yangan, Tianlu, Qinmei, Yongfengmei, Rong Xiangmei, Yangmei, Provincial Mei, Yuhuan, Liyang Shenkui, Xiaofeng, unparalleled Mei, Heshimei, Chengmei, Xiang Zi, Cuihe, Tianxingmei, he Shenmei, Daimei, Zhejiang first Mei, Donglai, Jiyuan, Taiyuan Mei, Zhensong Mei, Ruimei, Xiaomei, Yumei, Ten thousand words, auspicious words, Xia Qi, spring rain and so on. These are the traditional and new species of Chunlan plum petals in China. Among them, Song Mei is typical of plum petals, and Yumei belongs to Prunus mume. two。 The outer three petals of the lotus petals are thick and broad, similar to the petals of the lotus, the petals can not be held in a pocket, the shape is like a slightly open clam shell, and the lip is wider than other petals. According to its flower shape size can be divided into: small each petal diameter of about 0.8 cm, about 1 cm long, such as capping load. Each petal of medium size is about 1.2cm wide and more than 2cm long, such as Gaohe, Duan Xiuhe, Global Lotus Ding, Lvyun (normal flower) and so on. Each valve is more than 1.5 cm wide and more than 3 cm long, such as Zheng Tonghe, Da Kuihe, Fukuda Dahe and so on. Zheng Tonghe and Gaihe are typical in the lotus valve. 3. The outer three valves of the daffodil valve are longer and narrower than the plum valve, and the end of the valve is slightly pointed, with a pocket or light pocket, and the lip flap is drooping or curled back. Its main varieties are Wang Zi, Fang Zi, Wang Xiaoshang, Yangchunxian, Taiji, Yao Shixian, Yipin, Suzhou Chunyipin, Qiongxian, Cui Yipin, Yang Chunxian, Qifeng and so on. In addition, the varieties of daffodils are plum-shaped daffodils and lotus-shaped daffodils. The three petals of the plum-shaped daffodils are similar to the plum petals or slightly longer, and the holding petals have pockets or micropockets. The main lobe has a tight root, which is more significant than the two side lobes, such as Xizi, Xishen, Cuiwen, Cai Mei Narcissus and so on. The three lotus-shaped daffodils are similar to the lotus petals, holding the petals with light pockets or micro-pockets, for example, the dragon character is the crown of the lotus-shaped daffodils, and the rest, such as good lotus daffodils, daffodils, Cuiwei and so on. 4. Vegetarian heart flap where there is no red spot or mass on the lip flap is called vegetarian heart valve. According to the color of the labial flap, it can be divided into green placenta, white placenta, yellow placenta, peach parotid element (there is a slight redness on both sides of the tongue root) and hairpin (there is a faint red on the tongue coating). As for those with all-red tongue coating, they have not been seen in Chunlan in China so far, and they are only mentioned or rumored in the materials. Green is the most expensive color of vegetarian heart valve. It can be divided into three petals and clasping petals: the outer three petals of herbs and the tips of the petals are as narrow as chicken claws. This kind of vegetarian heart petal is not taken seriously, but because it belongs to vegetarian lips, it is still included in the ranks of fine flowers in the art world. The outer three petals of bamboo petals are shaped like bamboo leaves, the holding petals are also narrow, and the three petals are relatively thin. For example, Songhe Su, Yin Gu Su, Tiantong Su and so on. The shape of the lotus petal is very similar to that of the lotus petal, and the petals are rich and quiet, which is the most appreciated shape among the vegetarian petals, such as Yang's lotus, Yuepei, Xie's lotus, Yunhe, Zhang he, long Su, Kui he Su, Cui he Su, Wen Yan Su, vanillin, Yu Shi Su, Guoqing Su and so on. The plum-shaped three-petal is similar to the plum petal, holding the petal in the pocket, such as Cai Meisu, Yumei and Suxi God. According to the buds, most of the vegetarian heart petals come from green tendons and green shells, or white tendons and green shells. However, those with slightly reddish ribs on the white-green shell also occasionally appear in the vegetarian heart, which is called red shell element, such as Saussurea element, Cuihe element and so on. 5. Odd petals where three petals, the lower half of the holding flap evolved into a lip shape, or flowers form multi-petals or lack, or multi-lip petals are called odd petals. It is described as follows: (1) the lower half of the butterfly sidelobe has the phenomenon of labial flap or the inner side of the flap, which is collectively referred to as the butterfly. If there are red spots on the evolution part, the block is called halo butterfly, and there is no red one called butterfly element. Because of the magnitude of the lip flap, it is further divided into: the whole lip flap involves 2/5 of the longitudinal part of the side lobe. Most of these butterflies are lotus-shaped butterflies, which are regarded as treasures in the art world, such as colorful butterflies, Yuan butterflies, crown butterflies, spring butterflies and so on. The semicircular lobe only showed narrow or intermittent labial flap at the lower edge of the side lobe. This form is mostly regarded as general in the art and orchid world, so there are few seeds left. The three lobes and holding petals are narrow and pointed, and most of the labial parts are shallow, so they are listed as inferior products and are generally not included in the famous species. There is the phenomenon of labial flap on the inside of the lip-shaped flap. Such as Liangxi stamen butterfly, pistil butterfly, mandarin duck element. (2) multipetalization or flower overlap occurs in multipetaloid tripetals. For example, Hehe butterfly, four Xi butterfly, green cloud, Li butterfly and so on. (3) multipetalization of the middle lip in the shape of multi-lip. For example, the vegetarian butterfly lotus with two lip flaps, multi-lip green clouds and so on. (2) in addition to being based on the five petal types of plum, lotus, daffodil, vegetarian heart and odd butterfly, Cymbidium should also be classified according to the color of bract shell and the distribution of sand halos and tendons above. The main characteristics and typical horticultural varieties are described as follows: 1. Green shells this kind of bract shell color is green tendon green shell, such as Shanghai plum, pan green, Dangzi, fairy green and so on. two。 The base of the bract shell of the white-green shell is light green, the upper part of the shell is green and darker, and the bract tip is slightly lighter, such as Da Yipin. 3. Red to green shell bract shell base is slightly green, gradually red upward to the tip and then green purple halo, such as Hanbi, Duanmei, Cui Mei, Rongmei and so on. 4. Mercury red shell bract shell base slightly white, the whole body is light red, the shell rib color blue bract shell is slightly deeper, such as ten thousand hectares of green, leaf plum, Jinmei and so on. 5. The outer layer of red shell flower bud, the bract shell is purplish red, and the distributed rib pattern is slightly thicker than that of green shell, such as Cheng Mei, Guan Ding, Yuan character and so on. 6. In addition to the various forms described in Cymbidium, there are also a number of novel forms, as follows: (1) the tip of the petal is turned upward like a cat's ear, such as bee Qiao. (2) the twisted side lobe is twisted, such as a seagull. (3) the three lobes are wavy, the petal is wavy and the tip is like a cat's ear, such as Duoyun and E Fengmei. (4) Lotus shape all flowers are condensed into one, similar to a compound lotus, such as Cymbidium. (5) among the many flowers, there are plum, daffodil and lotus petals, as well as pointed and narrow petals (that is, flowers without petals), such as brocade.