Professional farmers blur "who cultivates the land" rural production relations are slightly born.

The emergence of professional farmers has blurred the concept of "who is the farmer". Some villagers do not farm land, through the transfer of land management rights to get a fixed rent, but also can be employed by professional farmers to obtain certain labor income. Professional farmers who rent land for farming earn the difference in the price of operating land, but do not receive land cultivation subsidies issued by the government. The villagers are the nominal owners of the land, and the professional farmers who obtain the right of management through land lease become workers in a certain sense, while professional farmers form another employment relationship if they hire villagers to work for themselves. The relations of production in rural areas are undergoing subtle changes.

This change is very obvious in Guangming Village, Nanyang Town, Qidong City, Jiangsu Province. The villagers of Guangming Village once got rich by operating greenhouse vegetables, but this did not stop the villagers from going out. While generation after generation of villagers are losing out, a group of outsiders come to lease land for farming. The land is not wasted, but the farmers have changed.

Where are the traditional farmers?

The rolling Yangtze River brings a lot of sediment from the upper reaches to the wide trumpet-shaped estuary, which gradually forms one sandbar after another year after year. The sandbar is constantly extending, the sandbar is connected to the sandbar, sandbar and the mainland, and the mainland continues to extend outward, gradually forming a vast and fertile sandy land. Qidong is the youngest of this sandy land. When the county was established in 1928, it was named Qidong County with the meaning of "Kai Wu East Xinjiang". In 1989, it withdrew the county to build the city.

Guangming Village is located in the east of Nanyang Town, less than 10 kilometers away from the vast Yellow Sea. The scenery throughout the year has changed significantly due to the replacement and growth of crops. Square arable land is dotted with horizontal and vertical villages and roads.

May 7, sunny, warm spring breeze, blowing across the land brewing a bumper harvest, rapeseed has been very full, large tracts of wheat is quietly yellowing. It is not yet harvest time, large agricultural machinery these days are still "lying" in the warehouse "nothing to do". In the face of the coming summer harvest, 52-year-old Cao Yanfei seems to have a lot on his mind.

"Today, I was going to find three people to take the potion, but after looking for it for a long time, only one person was willing to come." The dark Cao Yanfei said helplessly. The man who was willing to take the job was a 60-year-old male villager who used a motorized sprayer to fetch 56 buckets of water all morning and had to continue to do so in the afternoon. "if you pay by the barrel for 4 yuan a barrel, he can earn two or three hundred yuan a day." Cao Yanfei said that the potion is to prevent wheat from suffering from scab. No one draws water, and wheat is likely to get sick.

Cao Yanfei and Yuan Hongxing, 59, are local farmers. They work together to cultivate more than 230 mu of land, of which 100 mu are in Guangming Village. "it takes manual work to administer potions, to grow watermelons, and to pick peas." Yuan Hongxing says that when picking peas, you have to hire more than 200 people a day, but now people are getting harder and harder to find. "there are fewer and fewer farmers, and farmers are getting older and older, and mechanization alone is no good."

Where are all the farmers? Bao Tangbing, secretary of the general party branch of Guangming Village, calculated an account: there are 1105 households and 2475 people in the village, of whom more than 1000 are out all the year round, and nearly half of them go to and from construction sites to do carpentry, clay work, steel bar work, and so on. "over the years, 17 or 18 children in our village have been admitted to college every year, and almost no one has turned around. The word 'farmer' is not attractive to them."

Lu Guanqiu, leader of the 18 groups of villagers in Guangming Village, also broke his fingers and counted to the reporter: "there are 98 people in our group, and half of them are out." There are 13 people in business, 21 in construction sites, 13 in enterprises and 2 in seaside farming. " As is the case in the whole village, the 18 groups are left with the elderly, women and children. Yuan Bing, 59, the old branch secretary of Guangming Village, is the youngest of the 18 ethnic groups. "in 10 years' time, how many more people will farm the land? I don't think I can grow it at that time. " Yuan Bing said.

Will the farmers who go out to work come back? "those who work at the construction site will definitely come back after the age of 60, because they will no longer be employed at the construction site. When they come back, they will certainly farm the land, but they will only 'look at each other' for leisure, and they will not use it as a means of making a living. " Yuan Bing said that those villagers who have bought houses in the town and city will definitely not come back to farm.

Lu Guanqiu counted again with his fingers: "A total of 13 people in our group bought houses in Huilong Town (where the Qidong Municipal Government is located), Jinhai Town and Nanyang Town." Where they basically do business, they take root. "