"Hollow Village" calls for more flexible Homestead Mechanism

A few days ago, some media reported that about 20,000 natural villages in Shandong were hollowed out, and the waste of rural construction land was very prominent. At present, there are a large number of "one family and multiple houses" in rural areas of our country. with the massive transfer of rural population, the phenomenon of "hollow village" is becoming more and more serious. On the other hand, the process of industrialization and urbanization in China is accelerating, and the index of construction land is extremely scarce. The contradiction between the requirements of efficient and intensive land use and a large number of idle homestead shows that although homestead is a resource, it is still a sleeping resource and needs to be awakened.

The idle homestead lacks the exit mechanism. The current system forbids homestead to enter the market, and farmers can only get compensation through demolition. According to the law, homestead can only be transferred within the village group, hollow villages appear, most of them are villages with serious population outflow, homestead is lack of inflow in the village collective, and the market has no vitality. Although the idle homestead has no income, it also has no cost, so in the case of lack of economic compensation, farmers have no incentive to withdraw from the existing homestead.

Idle homestead is lack of activating the main body. As far as the legal subject is concerned, only when the village group collective has the qualification of the collective land owner, can it reasonably assume the responsibility of recovering rural vacant houses and idle houses with compensation, but it is difficult to realize the optimal allocation of land resources in the village group collectivity. therefore, at present, most village groups do not carry out the corresponding work and do not assume the responsibility and obligation of optimizing idle homestead resources.

Idle homestead lacks activation funds. Land consolidation is a good way to solve the problem of "hollow village", but the reclamation model of "make up first and occupy later" needs a lot of sustained funds as support. Under the circumstances that the government's financial resources are limited and the reclamation indicators are not confirmed, used and transferred, the government lacks enthusiasm for the establishment of homestead withdrawal system.

Under the new historical conditions, it is necessary to stand at the height of the integration of urban and rural development, ensure the interests of farmers as the bottom line, take reform and innovation as the driving force, and establish an effective mechanism for withdrawing and invigorating rural homestead according to the thinking of marketization. We will achieve a balance between "capital" and "land" resources within a wider range of urban and rural areas, and promote the efficient and intensive use of land resources.

Establish a sound guidance mechanism for urban and rural planning. According to the regional urban-rural integration planning, formulate the layout planning of rural residential areas, make overall arrangements for the layout of residential areas, land space and service facilities, and fully coordinate and link up village planning and land use planning. in particular, it is necessary to find out the base number of idle rural residential land and design an overall plan for optimizing idle residential land. In areas with good location and developed economy, we should make use of idle homestead resources to promote the construction of agricultural industrial parks, industrial parks, commercial and residential areas, and speed up the construction of small towns.

Establish a compensation mechanism for the withdrawal of rural homestead. We will integrate policies such as increase and decrease, replacement of homestead, pilot projects in small towns, and land renovation, and establish and improve the system of withdrawing from the paid use of homestead. When encouraging the villagers of the "hollow village" to withdraw from the homestead, we should fully take into account the differences in farmers' compensation needs, provide a variety of compensation methods, such as money, land and housing, and give farmers the right to choose independently. To ensure that the living standards of farmers will not be reduced as the minimum standard, and at the same time to provide security measures for housing difficulties and low-income families. In addition, farmers who voluntarily vacate the homestead should be given the necessary old-age, medical and other social security insurance policy support.

Establish a collection and storage mechanism for idle rural homestead. The financial pressure of carrying out reclamation and consolidation in the whole village is great, and the coordination work is difficult, and the interests of the masses are complex. In the context of the rapid transfer of rural population, we should establish a rural homestead acquisition and reserve system similar to the urban land purchase and reserve system, which accumulates and produces economies of scale.

Establish an index transaction mechanism for urban and rural construction land. In order to avoid the phenomenon of "occupying farmland to make up for the inferior" when implementing the system of "linking increase and decrease", it should be combined with the results of agricultural land classification and converted into a standardized cultivated land quantity index according to the quality of cultivated land. Homestead reclamation into arable land, especially in poor location conditions, weak economic strength of the village, its economic value is more reflected in the "increase and decrease linked" construction land index. Only by opening the channel of index transaction of urban and rural construction land, can we attract funds to the optimal utilization of idle homestead. Therefore, it is necessary to construct the policy system of "farmers withdraw from homestead-- compensate homestead money to farmers-- withdraw from homestead into collective management construction land-- collective management construction land enters the market". In the index transaction to achieve the optimal allocation of idle homestead.