The latest culture methods and matters needing attention of virgin fruit

Also known as small tomato, virgin fruit, high nutritional value and unique flavor, eating and watching the best of both worlds, favored by the majority of consumers. Sometimes if we want to eat some small tomatoes, we have to spend a lot of effort to buy them at the fruit stall. We have a long way to go, and we don't know if they are pollution-free and lack a lot of protection. I'll teach you a trick: growing small tomatoes on the balcony is definitely pure natural food.

1. Prepare before planting

If the soil is dug up from a flower bed or a field, you should first sift through the soil and crush all the large particles. Then disinfect the soil in three ways. The quicker thing is to wrap up the soil, find an abandoned pot and steam for 30 minutes. The high temperature will remove pathogens from the soil. The disinfection effect can also be achieved by spreading the soil into a thin layer and drying it for 5 to 10 days. If you are not in a hurry, you can wait for the soil to be wet in summer, sealed and wrapped in the sun, so that the temperature in the soil is particularly high, which can kill the microbes. Finally, the soil is fertilized according to a certain proportion. Organic fertilizers mixed in must be fermented and mature, and chemical fertilizers should be used as little as possible.

The first step in the seedling stage is to disinfect the seeds. Soak the seeds in warm water of 55 degrees for 15 to 20 minutes and stir them continuously. The amount of water is about 5 times the volume of the seeds. After cooling to 28 degrees, maintain this temperature and soak for 12 to 24 hours, changing water once or twice. The second is to promote germination, drain the sterilized seeds, wrap them on a wet towel, place them in an environment of 28 to 30 degrees, wash them with clean water once a day, and germinate in 1 to 2 days.

2. Planting

Dig a small hole 1 cm deep in the soil, put the germinated seeds in, cover it with 0.5 to 1 cm of loose soil, and maintain the temperature at about 25 degrees. This soil had better be watered the day before. The soil should be watered before the seedling arch to keep the soil moist. After three to four days, two cotyledons of the seed will emerge from the soil. Then the temperature remains the same during the day and drops to about 20 degrees at night, waiting for the number of leaves to increase to four or five. After watering, it needs to be dry and wet, that is to say, after the soil is dry, it should be watered thoroughly. After each watering, a small hook can be used to loosen the soil about 5 cm deep.

3. Transplanting

The seedlings are ready for transplanting after they have grown 4 Mel 5 leaves. Dig out the seedling soil from the original small pot, dig a hole in the big flowerpot, put the whole small soil into it, and pour it thoroughly. Transplanting can make the seedlings lose their roots and grow again, so that the crops will grow better. In principle, there is no watering or topdressing after transplanting, but it should also be based on the actual situation. If the soil is too dry, it should be supplemented appropriately.

4. Blossom and bear fruit

About 15 days after transplanting, tomato seedlings have begun to grow in large pots. After the plant begins to blossom and bear fruit, water and topdressing are watered and fertilized, and then watered and fertilized every 7 to 10 days, and loosen the soil. The temperature stays between 25 and 30 degrees during the day and 15 to 20 degrees at night. When the length reaches about 40 cm, you need to make a scaffold to let the plant continue to grow on the scaffold to prevent lodging. Pay attention to the support must be along the original growth direction, do not twist.

Tomatoes are hermaphroditic flowers, which usually pollinate automatically, or you can gently tap the plant with a bamboo pole to promote pollination. In addition, when the plant bifurcates and grows to about 10 cm, it should be forked in time to prevent the lateral branches from growing too much and affect the growth of the fruit. [span] it takes about three months from sowing to harvest.

Soil

Q: what is the difference between ordinary soil, substrates and nutrient solutions sold on the market, and which kinds of dishes are better?

A: this involves the concept of soilless cultivation and soilless cultivation. First of all, the cultivation of crops with traditional soil is called soil cultivation. Before cultivation, the soil needs to be mixed with fully mature organic fertilizer or peat at 1:1 before it can be used. By maturity here, it means that the organic fertilizer has no taste at all, otherwise it will burn the seedlings.

Secondly, the cultivation of crops with nutrient solution or with peat, vermiculite and perlite in proportion is called soilless cultivation. It is very difficult for ordinary citizens to buy nutrient solutions. even if they do, they are not suitable for growing vegetables without professional machines, but are more suitable to be used as fertilizer for topdressing.

Third, the advantage of the matrix with good market ratio is that it does not need to be mixed with base fertilizer, does not need to be sterilized, and has good permeability. The planting effect is no different from that of ordinary soil.

In addition, hydroponic culture is best to use a special device, in which the nutrient solution is circulating, which can ensure the respiration of plant roots. This kind of device has many forms, such as ladder frame, column, wall hanging and so on. The purchase price is about 1000 yuan.

Container

Q: what kind of container is good?

A: containers are generally made of local materials and can be used as long as there is a water outlet. However, it is recommended to use clay, which has better permeability. In addition, the size of the container should be selected according to the type of vegetables. Generally speaking, fruits and vegetables require flowerpots of more than 30 cm in diameter and depth; leafy vegetables require flowerpots with a diameter of 15 cm to 20 cm and a depth of more than 20 cm.

Tips: pest control

Family planting is generally free of diseases and insect pests. Usually, we should pay attention to control the humidity is not too high, watering the right amount. If there are bugs on the plant, you can spray soapy water or cut tobacco water regularly for a period of 15 days; remove rotten fruit and cut leaves in time.