The latest course of radish planting techniques and methods

Radish for cruciferous biennial or annual herbs, rhizomatous vegetables, also known as radish, ginseng soil. Height 20-100 cm. Roots fleshy, oblong, globose or conical. It is cultivated throughout China. There are many varieties of radish. Roots can be eaten as vegetables; seeds, fresh roots, dried roots and leaves are used as medicines: seeds can digest phlegm; fresh roots can quench thirst, aid digestion, dried roots can benefit two stools; leaves can cure early diarrhea and prevent dysentery; seeds can be used for oil extraction industry and edible and medicinal purposes.

soil selection

When planting radish, the crop with less fertilizer consumption, more residual organic matter and no same disease and insect pests should be selected as the previous crop. It is necessary to avoid cruciferous vegetables as the previous crop, otherwise it is easy to cause diseases. Radish has wide adaptability to sandy soil. In order to obtain high yield and high quality products, it is better to use sandy soil with deep soil layer, loose soil, good drainage and relatively fertile soil. Cultivated in suitable soil, fleshy root growth can be fully expanded, shape correct, skin smooth, beautiful color, only sell phase.

Deep ploughing of plots

Leveling and uniform fertilization can promote the increase of effective nutrients and beneficial microorganisms in the soil, and can loosen and ventilate, which is conducive to the absorption of nutrients and water by the roots, thus rapidly expanding the leaf area and accelerating the expansion of fleshy roots. 75 kg ternary compound fertilizer can be applied per mu as base fertilizer. Then soil disinfection and sterilization and underground pest control. 600-fold solution of 50% carbendazim or 800-1000-fold solution of 70% thiophanate-methyl can be sprayed as bactericidal agent, and 800 - 1000-fold solution of 48% lesben emulsifiable concentrate can be sprayed as insecticidal agent.

sowing

Radish seed quality has great influence on radish plant growth and yield. In order to make seedlings neat, seedlings complete, seedlings strong, should be selected seeds, only full, sound seeds, eliminate shriveled, broken, moldy seeds. And its seeding quantity, want to decide according to seed quality, soil quality, climate and seeding method. Autumn radishes are often sown on demand or in drill. The seed quantity is determined according to the density of seedlings. The spacing of sowing nests is 25-30 cm, and 4-5 seeds are planted in each nest. The seeds are opened in the nest to avoid crowding after emergence and affecting the quality of seedlings.

field management

Seedlings grow rapidly after they are unearthed, so they should be thinned in time to prevent crowding, shading and excessive growth. To early set seedlings, divided seedlings, timely set seedlings, to ensure that seedlings Qi and seedlings strong. Generally, thinning seedlings 2~3 times, thinning is to pull out thin, abnormal and pest damaged seedlings.

Reasonable watering

Watering is mainly determined according to the growth characteristics of radish, the requirements for water in each growth period, climate conditions and soil conditions. After sowing, if the weather is dry, water should be poured once immediately, and water should be poured once more at the beginning of emergence to keep the ground moist, ensure that the emergence is neat, and reduce the occurrence of virus disease. If it rains, it should be drained in time to prevent dead seedlings.

Scientific topdressing

Autumn radish belongs to large and medium-sized radish varieties, long growth period. On the basis of applying enough basal fertilizer before sowing, topdressing should be applied appropriately, especially for the plots with low soil fertility and insufficient basal fertilizer, topdressing can obviously improve yield. Fertilization should be nitrogen mixed with water or manure water. After the radish is broken, it enters the peak period of leaf growth, i.e. rosette stage. In order to promote the expansion of leaf area, it is also appropriate to apply quick-acting nitrogen fertilizer once; when entering the peak period of fleshy root expansion, it is appropriate to apply compound fertilizer once. Helps fleshy roots expand. But spraying 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate twice a week for foliar topdressing 20 days before harvest had good effect on improving yield and root quality.

weeding and pest control

Radish growth period needs to be tilled many times, especially in the seedling stage, the temperature is relatively high, rain more, weeds grow rapidly, to tilling weeding frequently. High ridge cultivation, ridge soil is easy to be washed by rain, intertillage should be combined with soil cultivation. Long exposed varieties of radish, because the root neck is slender and weak, often easy to bend, lodging, early growth needs to be cultivated on the root expansion. Prevent lodging from causing the formation of curved radishes later. At the late stage of rosette, the leaves have been closed, the cultivation is stopped, and the weeding can only be carried out manually.

The main pests of radish are aphids and soft rot. 12% agricultural streptomycin sulfate wettable powder 10 million units and water 50-75 kg/mu or 57.6% chlorothalonil dry granule 1000-1200 times solution spray, combined with root irrigation. Control aphids, available imidacloprid mixed with water spray.

timely harvest

Harvest of autumn radish depends on variety and marketing period. Harvest too early yield low, hardening without taste; harvest too late fleshy roots frozen or hollow, quality deterioration, resulting in hollow. When the diameter of root expands to 8~10 cm and the length is 25-30 cm, it is suitable for harvesting.