The latest course of okra planting techniques and methods

Okra, also known as okra, sheep's horn bean, sheep's horn pepper, is an annual herb of the family Malvaceae, which collects tender pods for food, and tender flowers and leaves are also edible. It originated in Africa and then entered the Americas. Now the largest producer of okra is there in the southern United States, and Americans have given it a more memorable name, "Plant Viagra." China's Jiangsu, Shandong, Guangxi, Chongqing, Anhui, Heilongjiang, Shaanxi and other places are now planted, seeds such as Jiangsu Changjing Garden, Guangdong and other places have.

Planting conditions

Okra likes warmth, is afraid of cold, and has strong heat resistance. The growth stopped below 8 ℃, and when the air temperature was 13 ℃ and the ground temperature was about 15 ℃, the seeds could germinate. However, the optimum temperature for seed germination and growth period was 25-30 ℃. When the monthly average temperature is lower than 17 ℃, the flowering and fruiting is affected, while when the night temperature is below 14 ℃, the growth is slow, the plant is short, the leaf is narrow, the flowering is less, and the flower drop is more. 26-28 ℃ has many blossoms at suitable temperature, high fruit setting rate, rapid fruit development, high yield and good quality.

1. Moisture

Okra is resistant to drought and moisture, but not to waterlogging. The excessive soil moisture during the germination period is easy to induce seedling blight. During the fruiting period, the soil should always be kept moist because of the drought, poor plant growth and poor quality.

2. Lighting

Okra is particularly sensitive to light conditions, like strong light, requires a long time of light, sufficient light. Sunny land should be selected, ventilation should be strengthened, and reasonable close planting should be paid attention to so as not to shade each other and affect ventilation and light transmission.

3. Soil

Nutritious okra has wide adaptability to soil and does not choose soil fertility, but it is more suitable for loam or sandy loam with deep soil layer, loose and fertile soil and good drainage. Nitrogen is the main fertilizer in the early stage of growth, and more phosphorus and potassium fertilizer is needed in the middle and later stage. However, if there is too much nitrogen fertilizer, the plant is easy to grow, the flowering and fruiting is delayed, and the node position of fruit setting is increased; insufficient nitrogen fertilizer and poor plant growth affect flowering and fruit setting.

Growth cycle

1. Germination period

When sowing to 2 cotyledons, the cotyledon flattened is the germination period, which takes about 10 to 15 days. Sowing at 25: 30 ℃ and sowing for 4: 5 days, the soil can be germinated. It usually takes about 7 days for direct seeding seedlings to be unearthed in the open field, and plastic film mulching can produce seedlings 2-4 days in advance.

2. Seedling stage

It takes about 40 to 45 days from 2 cotyledons to the first flower blooming. After the general cotyledons were fully expanded, the first true leaf unfolded after 15-25 days. After that, a true leaf occurs every 2-4 days, in which the first two true leaves are round. The growth is slow in the seedling stage, especially when the ground temperature is too low.

3. Blossom and fruit

It takes about 85 to 120 days from the beginning of flower to the end of harvest. It takes 50-55 days after emergence, and the first flower blooms immediately. The first and second flowers take a little longer from flowering to harvest. Later, with the increase of temperature, the harvest time shortened. It is usually harvested for the first time about 70 days after sowing. It can be harvested 4 days after flowering at a temperature of 28 ℃ in the day and 18 ℃ in the night. Okra grows faster and grows stronger after flowering and fruiting, especially at high temperature. It spreads a true leaf every 3 days in July and 4-5 days in September.