How to grow coriander

Cilantro can withstand the low temperature of-1 ℃ to 2 ℃, the suitable growth temperature is from 17 ℃ to 20 ℃, the growth is slow when it is over 20 ℃, but it stops growing when it is 30 ℃. Coriander is not strict on soil, but the soil with good soil structure, strong fertilizer and water conservation and high content of organic matter is beneficial to the growth of coriander. Parsley originated in the Euro-Mediterranean region and was brought back by Zhang Qian in the Western Han Dynasty (1st century BC). Now it is cultivated in Northeast China, Hebei, Henan, Shandong, Anhui, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Hunan, Guangdong, Guangxi, Shaanxi, Sichuan, Guizhou, Yunnan, Xizang and other provinces and regions.

The planting method of coriander

1. Variety selection. There are large leaf varieties and leaflet varieties of coriander. Large leaf varieties have high plant height, large leaves, less and shallow engraving, light aroma and high yield; leaflet varieties have shorter plants, small leaves, deep engraving, strong aroma, cold tolerance and strong adaptability, but the yield is slightly lower, so leaflet varieties are often selected in general cultivation.

2. Open field cultivation. Coriander can be cultivated in open field in spring, autumn and winter. It is not suitable to water too much at seedling stage. When the seedling grows to 10 cm, the plant grows vigorously and should be watered frequently to keep the soil surface moist. At the same time of watering, the available nitrogen fertilizer was applied 1 or 2 times. Pay attention to ploughing and proper interseedling, and remove weeds during interseedling. Summer should be properly shaded, and prevent rainstorm erosion, timely drainage after rain to ensure neat emergence of seedlings.

3. Cultivation in greenhouse. It is generally direct seeded from September to October and irrigated with frozen water before winter to facilitate the seedlings to survive the winter. Buckle the shed in January and there is no need for ventilation from January to February. When the seedlings turn green, ploughing, loosening the soil and weeding are carried out. When the seedling height was 10 cm, the plant entered the vigorous growth period, and the greenhouse was kept at 15 ℃ to 25 ℃. About 15 kilograms of ammonium sulfate per mu, topdressing 1 to 2 times, can be harvested in advance.

4. Fertilize the land. In general, the cultivation of coriander (coriander) should choose land with loose soil, rich organic matter and convenient drainage and irrigation. after the previous crop is harvested, turn the soil in time, with a depth of 15-20 cm, and let it be weathered and sunburned for more than 2 weeks. then spread 4000-5000 kg of mature high-quality farm fertilizer and 10-15 kg of compound fertilizer per mu as base fertilizer, and after ploughing and raking, the border surface is 140-150cm wide and 20-25cm high, and the length depends on the length of the plot. The ditch is 30-40 cm wide and doubles as a sidewalk. The border surface requires the soil to be fine, loose and smooth. If you use strip sowing, you should also sow a ditch with a width of 4-5 cm and a depth of about 2 cm on the border surface according to the row spacing of 8 mi 10 cm, ready to sow seeds.

Disease and pest control of coriander

1. Sclerotinia disease

① disease site to carry out rotation, or soil disinfection, with 40% pentachloronitrobenzene, per 667m2 dosage of 1kg, add fine soil 50kg, mix well and apply to the soil.

② was mixed with disease-free seeds or medicament.

1000 times "sclerotia net" was sprayed after ③ buckle shed, once again after 10 days, and the Beginning of Spring for the third time before and after spraying, and then once every 7-9 days.

During the whole growing period, the ecological control of ④ should strengthen the ventilation and reduce the humidity to reduce the occurrence of the disease.

2. Leaf blight and spot blight

These two kinds of diseases occur on spot, but once the disease occurs, the disease spreads rapidly and the harm is more serious. It is mainly harmful leaves, the leaves become yellowish brown after being susceptible to the disease, the diseased parts rot when the temperature is high, and seriously infect the tender stems to the heart leaves along the leaf veins, resulting in a serious reduction in yield, so these two diseases should be specially controlled. These two diseases are new diseases in our district, and they may be seeds with bacteria, so we take seed disinfection as the main preventive measure. The method is to soak seeds in 10~15min with 500x solution of "carbendan" or "carbendazim", rinse clean and sow seeds. The second is to strengthen management, pay attention to ventilation and dehumidification when the initial humidity is high, and timely spray control when diseases are found, using carbendazim 600 times, mancozeb 600 times, 70% methyl thiophanate 800 times, chlorothalonil 500 times, the effect of mixed use of two or more is better.

3. Root rot

It often occurs in low-lying and wet land. After the disease of coriander root, the main root is yellowish brown or brown, soft rot, no or almost no fibrous root, the root system of the plant is broken as soon as it is pulled out by hand, the aboveground part is short, the leaves are withered and yellow, and lose its commerciality. The method of prevention and control is to avoid planting in low-lying land as far as possible, and the humidity should not be too high for a long time. The main chemical control is soil treatment. Carbendazim 1kg can be used to mix soil with 50kg, which can be sprinkled in the sowing ditch before sowing. As root rot usually occurs before winter in October, prevention and control should be carried out before withholding the shed, and the root should be irrigated mainly with 500-fold solution of "Prike" or 600-fold solution of "carbendazim".

4. Powdery mildew

The above-ground parts of coriander plants can be infected, but they are mainly harmful to leaves, stems and flower rachis. The disease first appeared on the leaves near the ground, and then expanded into white powder spots on the mildew spots, which were born on both sides of the leaves; the stem infection mostly occurred in the nodes, and when the conditions were suitable, the white powder was quickly covered with flowers and fruits, mostly spreading upward from the lower part of the plant, and the hyphae changed from white to light brown in the later stage, and many black particles were produced in the diseased part. The ascomycete of the pathogen.

[prevention and control methods]

① bred varieties resistant to powdery mildew and strengthened the management of temperature and humidity in greenhouse.

After ② harvest, the disease and residue were removed in time to reduce the source of overwintering bacteria.

In the early stage of ③, dust method or smoke method can be used in shed. Spray more than 10% 100 dust in the evening, every 667 1kg or apply 45% chlorothalonil smoke remover, every 667,250 grams, light the smoke overnight with a dark fire.

④ open field or greenhouse can choose 30% Teflin wettable powder 1500g 2000 times or 50% sulfur suspension 200x 300x, 2% Wuyisin water agent or 2% agricultural kang120 water agent 150x, 15% triadimefon (triadimefon) wettable powder 1500 times, 25% triadimefon (triadimefon) 3000 times, 15% triadimefon (triadimefon) 3000 times, 15% triadimefon (triadimefon) wettable powder 2000 times plus 25% Fuli EC 4000 times, 40% Foxing EC 9000 times Once every 7 to 21 days, prevention and treatment for 2 or 3 times in succession. Stop using medicine 7 days before harvest.