The latest course of Ginger planting techniques and methods

Ginger is the fresh rhizome of ginger, a perennial herb of Zingiberaceae, alias ginger root, hundred spicy clouds, hook finger, Indicum, hot and cool boy, fresh ginger, honey roasted ginger. The rhizome (dried ginger), cork (ginger skin) and leaf (ginger leaf) of ginger can be used as medicine. Ginger has the functions of divergence, antiemetic and antitussive in traditional Chinese medicine.

Growth environment of ginger

Ginger is native to the tropical region of Southeast Asia. It likes warm and humid climate, and its cold and drought resistance is weak. The plant can only grow in frost-free period. The most suitable temperature for growth is 25-28 ℃. If the temperature is lower than 20 ℃, the plant will sprout slowly, and the plant will wither when it is frosted, and the rhizome will lose its germination ability completely by frost. The annual average temperature of most counties in the main producing areas of Guangxi is 18-19 ℃, the average temperature in July is 25.3 ℃, the extremely high temperature is 39 ℃, the average temperature in January is 10.2 ℃, the extreme low temperature is-4 ℃, and the annual frost-free period is more than 330 days. The annual rainfall is 90-1300 mm, and the relative humidity of the air is about 80%.

The root of ginger is underdeveloped, the number of roots is small and short, the longitudinal distribution is mainly in the soil with a depth of 30 cm, and the lateral expansion radius is 30 cm. The first seedling formed after germination of ginger is called the main stem, and then the first branch is formed on both sides of the main stem. secondary branching and tertiary branching. The lateral branches of ginger often grow symmetrically. Ginger is an asexual vegetable crop, and its whole growth process is basically a process of vegetative growth, which can be divided into germination stage, seedling stage, prosperous stage, dormant period and so on. Ginger likes temperature rather than cold and drought. When growing above 16 ℃, the buds can germinate, but germinate slowly under the condition of less than 20 ℃. The optimum temperature for fine bud germination was 22 ℃ 25 min. The suitable period of stem and leaf growth is 20 ℃ and 28 min.

Pre-planting preparation

1. Fine soil preparation and adequate base fertilizer. Select the land with fertile soil and good irrigation conditions, and carry out fine soil preparation in the first ten days of April. Combined with land preparation, 4 square of high-quality rotten chicken manure or 10000 kg of high-quality ring fertilizer will be used as base fertilizer. In the land with high fertilizer and water, ditch sowing was prepared according to the row spacing of 65 cm in 60mur. soybean cake, 50 kg of ternary compound fertilizer, 50 kg of potassium sulfate, 2 kg of zinc fertilizer and 1 kg of boron fertilizer were applied as seed fertilizer.

2. Select ginger species and cultivate strong buds. About 30 days before sowing, the ginger seeds were taken out, the soil on the ginger pieces was removed, and healthy ginger pieces with fat, plump, bright skin color, no drying, no decay, no freezing, no diseases and insect pests were selected as seeds. It is required that the weight of ginger per plant is more than 60 grams, and 500 kilograms of ginger is generally used per mu.

3. Dry ginger and trap ginger. On a sunny day in early March, at eight or nine o'clock at noon, put the selected ginger seeds on the sunny ground to dry, collect them into the house at night, and cover them with grass curtains to promote the decomposition of ginger nutrients. Sun dried ginger 3MUE for 4 days, trapped seeds for 10 days, and kept the temperature at 13MUR 15 ℃ to promote nutrient decomposition and bud differentiation.

4. Soaking seeds to accelerate germination. For selected and sun-dried ginger seeds, the seeds were soaked with 200-fold solution of pesticides such as Jiangqisan, Jiangbao, Lvba, etc., usually for 10 minutes, which could play the role of sterilization, sterilization, drying and budding after seed soaking. Hold ginger cubes in baskets, accelerate sprouting in greenhouse or sunny beds, keep air humidity 75 ℃ 85%, temperature 25 cm, wait for ginger buds to grow out of 0.5cm, sow seeds in batches according to the size of ginger buds.

Sowing and seedling management

1. Film mulching and early sowing. Sow seeds on April 15th. Before covering the film, 150 grams per mu of special herbicide was used to spray water to remove weeds under the film. The mulch can be made of 0.005murmur0.006mm in thickness and 120mm in width.

2. Sparse planting and enlarging ginger pieces. The suitable planting density of high-yield plot is 7000 plants / mu, row spacing is 50-55 cm, plant spacing is 25 cm. The amount of seed used is generally about 500 kilograms per mu.

3. Shading and promoting growth. Ginger seedlings up to more than 50%, timely shading ginger field, in order to promote the healthy growth of ginger seedlings. The specific methods are as follows: the sunshade net is made into a banner and pulled between the ginger rows, and the two ends are fixed with bamboo poles, with a width of 60 Murray 65 cm, and a sunshade net with a shading rate of 40% can be selected.