The latest construction skills of greenhouse

Greenhouse is also called greenhouse, such as glass greenhouse, plastic greenhouse, etc., greenhouse structure should be sealed insulation, but it should be easy to ventilate and cool down, modern greenhouse with control temperature and humidity, lighting and other conditions of equipment, with computer automatic control to create the best environmental conditions required for plants, the following Qiannong network Xiaobian for everyone to introduce the construction skills of greenhouse!

1. Leveling the land and setting out: according to the designed plan of the solar greenhouse, determine the azimuth angle, determine the four corners of the greenhouse, and then determine the position of the gable wall and the rear wall.

2. Wall construction: The soil used for building the earth wall can be the soil outside the rear wall of the greenhouse, or the soil below the cultivated surface in the front of the greenhouse. If you use the dark soil in front of the greenhouse, you can dig out the cultivated layer (about 25 cm thick), put it aside, water the raw soil at the bottom, and dig the raw soil to make the earth wall one day later. First, according to the thickness of the earth wall, splint, fill in the freshly dug wet soil, tamping with soil or electric tamping, each layer of about 20 cm, tamping a layer, and then make the second layer, until the required height. The gable wall should be made together with the back wall, not segmented, only in this way can it be strong. If the viscosity of the soil is not enough, wheat straw can be mixed with it. In some areas, the viscosity of the soil is very low, and it is impossible to build walls by tamping. At this time, a certain amount of wheat straw and mud can be mixed into the soil to make adobe. After the adobe is dry, the adobe wall can be built. When building a wall, the adobe should be blocked with grass mud, and the inside and outside of the wall should also be smeared with grass mud. Brick wall construction should first tamp the foundation, and then can build the wall, construction should be full of mortar, brick joints, plaster, inside and outside the wall to plaster, so as to avoid air leakage. The voids between layers of brick walls should not be too large or too small. The width of the hollow is generally controlled between 5-8 cm. Hollow can not stay in the end, every 3-4 meters, with bricks to connect the layers to improve the firmness of the wall. Hollow wall can be added with slag, pearlite, wheat straw as filler, but also nothing, only air insulation, no filler hollow wall, must be done without cracks. When the brick is opened and capped, it is best to cap 30 cm with mud bran, so that the rear wall and the rear roof are closely connected to improve the insulation performance.

3, buried columns, vertical roof truss: according to the drawings, determine the position of each column and lime marked. Dig a pit 30- 40cm deep, use stones as column feet to prevent the column from sinking, and then install a digging hole on the rear column, with the head on the column, the tail on the rear wall or on the rear auxiliary column, and put 3-4 purlins on the hole. purlin is connected in a straight line, other purlins are placed in disorder, in order to prevent purlin from sliding down, a small wooden block can be nailed to the purlin at the lower part of purlin to clamp purlin. Some greenhouses only use uprights to support purlins.

4, after covering the roof: in purlins or rafters covered with a layer of waste plastic film, in the film placed into bundles of corn stalks, the direction of the drop and purlins or rafters vertical. Then spread wheat straw or straw on the corn stalk, and then spread a layer of plastic film on it, and wipe the straw mud on it. The rear roof is composed of straw and wheat straw wrapped in two layers of plastic film, which is like a quilt. The thermal insulation performance is greatly improved compared with the ordinary rear roof without plastic film. After the rear roof is covered, the joint between the inner side of the rear roof and the rear wall of the greenhouse should be wiped tightly with straw mud.

5, dig cold trench: in the greenhouse greenhouse at the front of the dig 20 cm wide, 40 cm deep cold trench.

6, buried anchor and the back roof of the pressure film line fixed lead wire: at the bottom of the cold-proof ditch flat a greenhouse equivalent to the length of 8 lead wire, which has ground anchor, ground anchor is two ends made of iron ring 8 lead wire, according to the arch rod to be buried spacing, every 3 meters, tied to a brick or stick on the lead wire, placed between these fixtures. At the outer side of the rear wall of the greenhouse, dig trenches and bury ground anchors in the same way, but the spacing of the ground anchors can be increased to 2-3 meters. After burying, the earth can be filled firmly, and the upper ring of the iron anchor is exposed to the ground. On the back roof of the greenhouse, pull a No.8 lead wire, bury both ends of the greenhouse gable outside the ground, bury people to tie heavy objects on the head. Fix the lead wire with lead wire or nylon rope, tie one end to the lead wire and the other end to the buried iron anchor outside the rear wall.

7, building the front roof: the position of the column buried to adjust back and forth, so that the column rows and columns aligned, 4 meters long bamboo tied together in pairs, the length should be appropriate, one end inserted in the cold ditch, the lower part of the cold ditch on the south side of the brick top tight, the angle should make the arch rod vertical with the ground or slightly inclined to the south when erected. Tie a beam on the upright post supporting the front roof, the beam is 20- 30cm away from the top of each row of upright posts, erect a small hanging post on the beam, punch holes at the upper and lower ends of the small hanging post, respectively pass through the holes with No.8 lead wire, bend the arch rod, and tie one end of the small hanging post tightly on the arch rod and one end on the crossbeam. The upper end of the arch pole can be inserted above the ridge purlin. Then, adjust the small hanging column continuously to make the height of the same position of the front roof consistent.

8, cover film: greenhouse film for two or three, with two, its width is 3 meters and 5 meters, with three when its width is 2 A, 4 meters, 2 meters. First roll back the film of 3 meters or 2 meters wide, bond it with adhesive or iron it into a tube of 5~6 cm wide, install the clay dragon rope, fix the film of 3 meters wide at 2.5 meters away from the ground, and fix the film of 2 meters wide at 1.5 meters away from the ground. The film is rolled up first, and the edge is covered and tensioned while filling the cold-proof ditch. Nylon rope to tension, together with the film, in the greenhouse gable buried underground. One or both of the upper sheets are also rolled up, buried at one end against the gable, then spread out to the other end, and buried at the end near the gable. There are two ways to fix the end of the film near the rear roof. One is to fix it directly on the purlin with bamboo chips and iron nails. The other is to fix it on the purlin with bamboo chips and iron nails, then fold back and buckle it on the rear roof. The width of the buttoned roof is about 0.5-1 m, the more the better, and it is compacted with grass mud. This method has a good effect on improving the thermal insulation performance of the rear roof without waste film.

9, fixed pressure film line: film covered, to use the pressure film line to press fixed, pressure film line can be commercially available polypropylene greenhouse dedicated pressure film line, can also be replaced with nylon rope or iron wire, but it is best not to. It is best to use a dedicated pressure film line. First, bind one end of the pressure film line to No.8 lead wire on the rear roof of the greenhouse, throw it down from the greenhouse, press it on the film between the two arch rods, and tighten the anchor ring at the lower end. The sequence of fixing the pressure film line is first thin and then dense, first fixing several pressure film lines with large spacing, and then gradually fixing a pressure film line between each arch rod. The pressure film line and plastic film have certain elasticity, and it is necessary to fix the pressure film line on the second day and the third day; tighten it 2-3 times to ensure that it is compressed, and the compressed front roof film is wavy.

10. Grass cover washi cover: The paper quilt is made of 4-6 layers of kraft paper, the straw mat is made of straw or cattail grass, the width of the straw mat is 1.2-1.3 meters, the width of the cattail grass mat is 1.5-1.6 meters, and the length is subject to covering the front roof of the greenhouse. Under the condition that there is no paper quilt, two layers of straw mat can be covered or the overlapping amount between straw mats can be increased. Each straw mat is pulled by two nylon ropes whose length is twice or slightly longer than the length of the straw mat, and both ends of each rope are fixed at one side of one end of the straw mat respectively. Form two rings, covering the grass mat. Pull the two ropes on the surface of the straw mat to roll up or unfold the straw mat on the front roof of the greenhouse. The rolled straw mat is staggered or placed one after the other on the rear roof. In order to prevent the straw mat from sliding down, a stone or two or three bricks can be blocked behind each roll of straw mat.

11, the treatment of the population: solar greenhouse can be in the greenhouse Dongshan wall at the door, the door should be as small as possible, outside the door to build insulation, the door inside and outside the door to hang curtains, generally not in the greenhouse Xishan wall or back wall at the door.