The latest course of planting techniques and methods of hericium Erinaceus

Artificial cutting and cultivation of hericium Erinaceus has formed different degrees of scale in various places. The outstanding problem is that although flea production can reach the standard, there are not many high-grade products, which reduces the commodity value and affects the economic benefits of producers. If you want to produce high-grade hericium Erinaceus, you should pay attention to the following links. Let's take a look at the planting technology of hericium Erinaceus.

Planting schedule

Hericium Erinaceus belongs to medium temperature bacteria and low temperature fruiting type fungi. The mycelial growth temperature is 10 ℃ ~ 33 ℃ and the optimum temperature is 25 ℃ ~ 28 ℃. The growth of fruiting body was 12 ℃ ~ 24 ℃, and the optimum was 16 ℃ ~ 20 ℃. The fruiting body grew slowly above 25 ℃ and turned red when it was lower than 12 ℃. According to its biological characteristics, the best production season to adapt to the natural temperature should be inoculated with the Autumn Equinox (late September), and Lesser Snow (late November) should produce one or two batches of mushrooms, and then another batch of mushrooms should be produced in the next spring.

The mountain area can also be inoculated in early spring in January, heated to culture, and grow mushrooms from March to April.

Culture medium configuration

According to the substrate conditions of pollution-free edible fungi, the cultivation raw materials shall be fresh, mildew-free and deteriorated, and shall not contain toxic and harmful hyphae, and the content of additives shall not exceed 5%, which is a more reasonable formula:

1. Miscellaneous sawdust 4%, cottonseed shell 40%, wheat bran 18%, sucrose 1%, gypsum powder 1%.

2. Cottonseed hull 82%, wheat bran 15%, gypsum powder 2%, phosphate fertilizer 1%.

3. Cottonseed hull 38%, sawdust 20%, Tremella trash 20%, wheat bran 16%, corn meal 3%, phosphate fertilizer 1%, gypsum powder 2%. The water content of the formula is about 60%, and pH6 is suitable before sterilization.

The size of the cultivation bag is 12.3 cm × 52 cm in spring and 13.5 cm × 56 cm in autumn. Bagging, sterilization and cooling are routine.

High quality maternal cultivation

Hericium Erinaceus bags usually have 3 or 4 inoculation points, and in order to prevent "disease from entering through the mouth", the "three requirements" should be strictly met during vaccination:

1. The bag temperature should be below 28 ℃ before inoculation.

2. The bacteria should be pretreated, that is, the aged hyphae on the surface and the verrucous or coral fruiting bodies have been scraped off.

3. Choose sunny night or early morning inoculation, the vaccination is carried out strictly according to the aseptic operation. After inoculation, the bag can be full after about 20-25 days from mycelium germination to mycelium culture.

In management, the temperature was mainly adjusted. In the first 4 days after inoculation, 26 ℃ ~ 28 ℃ should be used in indoor greenhouse to speed up feeding, colonization and spread of hyphae in the most suitable environment, resulting in advantages and reducing miscellaneous bacteria pollution. Within 15 days, with the development of mycelium, the temperature in the bag increased, and the bag temperature was 2 ℃ higher than the room temperature. At this time, the room temperature should be adjusted to about 25 ℃. After 16 days, the hyphae gradually entered the peak period of metabolism, which should be controlled at 20 ℃ ~ 23 ℃. The temperature of cultivation in spring is low, so heating can be adopted to promote the normal growth and development of hyphae. Pay attention to prevent high temperature in autumn, indoor dry culture is required during the bacterial period, air relative humidity is less than 70%, and pay attention to avoid light.

Directional mushroom induction

Hericium Erinaceus is an aerobic fungus, the cultivation place requires fresh air, and the field mushroom shed is ideal. After about 25 days of indoor cultivation, the mycelium matured, and then changed from vegetative growth to reproductive growth. Hericium Erinaceus usually begins to show primordia and differentiate into fruiting bodies before the mycelium is full. Therefore, it is necessary to pay attention to observation, move the bacterial bag to the field in the wild shed in time, and scratch the surface of the original strain block to induce the orientation and neat emergence of mushrooms. there are three common ways to set the field:

The main results are as follows: 1. Build 4-5 layers for intensive three-dimensional cultivation.

2. Build the frame on the first floor and discharge 2 bags. 1 bag lying on the ground, the mouth of the hole facing up, 1 bag lying on the shelf, the mouth of the hole downward.

3. Simulate the cultivation of Lentinus edodes in the open field, lean against the bag, or build ridges on both sides, the single bag is placed flat, and the mouth of the hole is down.

Compared with the above three ways, the first one, the space utilization rate is high, forming three-dimensional, but the moisture retention is poor, it is easy to form bald mushroom and atrophic mushroom. The latter two kinds of mushroom bodies form spiny hairs, and the color is whiter. Because the bristles of hericium Erinaceus have obvious "geopotential" growth, but in the rainy season, when there is stagnant water in the border bed and poor ventilation, rotten mushrooms are easy to appear. Lean on the bag out of the mushroom period, do not easily invert the bacterial bag, otherwise cause spiny hair not homeopathic growth, into deformed mushrooms.