The latest course on planting techniques and methods of double-season Zizania caduciflora

Zizania caduciflora can be divided into two types: single season in autumn and double season in autumn and summer. Both of them are propagated separately. Zizania latifolia in a single season in the Yangtze River Basin is planted in separate piers from Qingming to Grain Rain. In summer and autumn, Zizania latifolia can be divided into spring and autumn. Spring is planted before and after Grain Rain, and autumn is planted before and after the Beginning of Autumn. Let's take a look at the planting techniques of double-season Zizania caduciflora.

Growth characteristics of Zizania caduciflora

1. Root: the root of Zizania caduciflora is mainly planted in two parts, one on the underground stem and the other on the persistent root. The root is 20-70 cm long. The root system of Zizania caduciflora is well developed, and it is an organ for Zizania latifolia to fully absorb nutrients.

2. Stem: there are two kinds of stem of Zizania caduciflora, one is underground stem and the other is aboveground stem. The underground stem is also known as the underground stolon, and the top of the stolon can also produce Zizania caduciflora. The aboveground stem forms a moss tube on the surface, which is called the persistent rhizome, with leaves on the stem and Zizania caduciflora on the rhizome. Zizania caduciflora can tiller, the tillering ability is very strong, the tillers produced by the basal leaves are called primary tillers, and the basal leaves of primary tillers can also be secondary tillers, forming basic seedlings.

3. Leaves: the leaves of Zizania caduciflora are longer, which are divided into leaves, leaf sheaths and leaf pillows, and the leaves are parallel veins. The leaves are 100-150 cm long and 3-3.5 cm wide.

4. Temperature, water and nutrients: the suitable temperature for the growth of Zizania caduciflora is 20-25 ℃, and the air humidity is more than 85%. Therefore, Zizania latifolia should grow in water, but the water should not be too deep. In swamps, Zizania latifolia fields should generally maintain a proper water layer. The water layer of Zizania latifolia is deeper during pregnancy and shallower during tillering. When it is hot in summer, Zizania caduciflora is easy to get sick, so it is necessary to ventilate, pull yellow leaves and irrigate deep water to cool down to facilitate the growth of Zizania caduciflora. Zizania caduciflora needs to grow in paddy fields with rich organic matter and fertile land, and the application of potassium fertilizer can obviously increase the yield of Zizania caduciflora.

5. Pregnant Zizania latifolia: when Zizania caduciflora grows to a certain extent and the climate is suitable, it will become pregnant.

The gestation time of ① is from the end of May to the beginning of June to the end of July in summer, and from August to October in autumn.

The characteristics of ② pregnancy: when the temperature of Zizania latifolia begins to cool in the first and middle of September, the temperature difference between day and night is large, the nutrients in Zizania latifolia begin to accumulate, the accumulated nutrients are transferred and transported to the flower stem, the stem of Zizania latifolia is gradually flattened, and the old farmers call it a flat stem. After 3-5 days, the middle of the stem begins to expand, straight to dew, which forms Zizania latifolia. In the process of pregnancy, Zizania latifolia is essentially a thick-walled spore produced by smut and smut in Zizania caduciflora, and the mycelium invades the growth point of Zizania caduciflora. The mycelium secretes indole acetic acid and stimulates the expansion of flower stem to form Zizania caduciflora. Zizania caduciflora is a kind of fleshy stem and can be eaten as a vegetable.

③ pregnancy is related to temperature. The optimum temperature of Zizania latifolia is 24-25 ℃ and the humidity is 85-95%. If it is too high or too low, it will affect the pregnancy.

④ pregnancy is related to fertilization. Being too fat and too thin will also affect pregnancy, especially in summer. Pregnant Zizania latifolia fertilizer should be paid attention to, poor application should postpone pregnancy, and excessive fertilization should affect the yield.

⑤ pregnancy is related to management. Including the management of water, fertilizer, diseases, insect pests and weeds, no water in the field is too dry, and the roots are deeply rooted, which can easily lead to atavism and turn into Zizania latifolia. Too much fertilizer, too much fertilizer, powdery mildew can not stimulate, will not be pregnant. If you are too thin, you will not get pregnant if you grow and accumulate less nutrients. The field is full of weeds, Zizania caduciflora does not grow well, and will not produce Zizania caduciflora.

Planting techniques of double-cropping Zizania caduciflora

1. Select seedlings: send seedlings to raise seedlings, the time of sending seedlings is between New Year's Day and January 20. When the introduced seed pier of Zizania caduciflora is reared in the seedling field, the seedling field should be easily watered, can conserve water, and most of the seed pier should be inserted into the mud, arranged, fertilized with water for the winter, and can sprout in February next year. The water must not be cut off in winter to ensure that more than 8-20 seedlings can be produced on each pier.

2. Field preparation: the fields of Zizania caduciflora should be planted and generally ploughed 5-6 inches deep in winter to level the height so that Sheung Shui can reach a level.

3. Build the ridge of the field, hit the bottom of the field, cover the ridge of the field

① build ridges: in the middle and last ten days of March, we began to build ridges, hit the bottom of the fields, and cover them. Use the raw soil under the ploughing layer to build a ridge around the field with a high 50cm, a bottom width of 60-80cm and a top width of 40cm. The ridge of the field should be built smoothly and firmly, and be whipped and compacted with quicklime. Do not pour, collapse or leak after Sheung Shui.

② to hit the bottom of the field: such as a field near a river or ditch, or a field or lot with underground ditches, it is necessary to hit the bottom of the field, that is, take out the topsoil and sprinkle the raw mud with a layer of quicklime powder to firm it with Shilang head to prevent leakage.

③ cover ridge: after the ridge is built, in case of a big sunny day, the loose soil in the field should be used to hold the ridge on both sides to prevent sun cracking.

4. Base fertilizer: base fertilizer can be spread evenly with 3-5 tons of cow manure or 150 tons of human urine manure or 60 tons of chicken manure. If there is a lack of base fertilizer, the content of N, P and K is 45% compound fertilizer 100-150 jin, mash the soil fine, level it, and then prepare to cultivate Zizania caduciflora in water.

5. Planting cuttings: the time of planting cuttings is April 15-20, and the density is 1 m × 0.5 M. the seedlings are dug out and divided into piers, about 4 seedlings per pier, and the cuttings are planted on the same day. When dill Zizania latifolia seedlings, water should be added to flatten the soil in the field, and then plant cuttings. When planting cuttings, the water layer should be shallow, sow seedlings in shallow water, pull the line at a fixed point, a mark of one meter on a line, a row of 0.5m, so that one mu of basic seedlings is 5000 seedlings. When cutting, do not be too deep, the moss tube can be in the mud. It is so shallow that the wind will fall. You can replant the inverted seedlings in two days. Then irrigate the living trees in deep water.