The latest course of soilless cultivation techniques and methods of asparagus

Hollow cabbage adopts soilless cultivation technology, implements clean production, applies organic fertilizer, reduces the amount of pesticide, can improve vegetable growth environment, overcome soil continuous cropping obstacles, save production costs, and vegetables grow fast, high yield and good product quality. it is a pollution-free vegetable, which is very popular in the market and meets the requirements of the current development of ecological agriculture. Let's take a look at the soilless cultivation technology of asparagus.

Cultivation system of Rabdosia angustifolia

1. Build cultivation trough: the cultivation trough is 25-30 cm high and 50 cm wide, with a distance of 70 cm from north to south, high in north and low in south. The brick seams can be bonded with cement mortar or filled with soil (a layer of old film at the bottom of the trough).

2. Cultivation substrate: mushroom dregs and slag were mixed according to the ratio of 1 ∶ 1-1.5. disinfection expanded chicken manure 10 kg and ternary compound fertilizer 2 kg were added to 1 cubic meter of mixed substrate. Where there were conditions, fine sand, peat, vermiculite and organic fertilizer could also be mixed according to the ratio of 2 ∶ 1 ∶ 1 ∶ 2. Chicken manure and sheep manure were the best organic fertilizer.

3. Install the groove: lay sand in the groove, about 5 cm thick. Put the mixed matrix into the prepared trough, flatten it, and pour the matrix thoroughly with heavy water. After the water is completely infiltrated, cover the film for 10-15 days to facilitate the full decomposition of the fertilizer.

Sowing and Seedling raising of Rabdosia angustifolia

1. Soaking seeds to accelerate germination: before sowing, soak the seeds in 50-60 ℃ hot water for 30 minutes, then soak the seeds in clean water for 24 hours, remove and wash the seeds after soaking, and accelerate germination under the condition of 30 ℃. During the budding period, rinse once a day with warm water, about 5-7 days later, the seeds can be sown.

2. Hole plate and substrate preparation: the hole plate specification for raising seedlings of asparagus is generally 72-hole or 128-hole. The matrix should use light matrix such as peat, vermiculite or perlite, which has a small proportion and good water retention and air permeability. The seedlings were raised with light medium, and the proportion of substrate was generally peat ∶ vermiculite ∶ mature organic fertilizer = 2 ∶ 1 ∶ 1. The substrate must be used to kill insects and diseases in order to cultivate disease-free and strong seedlings. Generally, the amount of 1 cubic meter matrix is 50% carbendazim water powder and 150 grams of phoxim EC.

3. Substrate loading and sowing: when sowing, the seedling substrate should first be installed in the hole plate, scrape off the excess matrix, pour through the substrate, and after water infiltration, stack it with 2-3 hole trays of the same specification to press out the sowing hole. Cover 1 layer of vermiculite after sowing and moisturize with thin film. After emergence, remove the mulch in time to breathe through the air and light.

4. Nursery bed management: the temperature is about 25 ℃ in daytime and more than 10 ℃ at night. Water management is the key to the success or failure of seedling raising. During the whole seedling raising period, the seedling substrate should be kept in a wet state all the time. When the seedling height is 5-7 cm, the foliar fertilizer is sprayed once, and the commonly used concentration is 0.2% urea or potassium dihydrogen phosphate. When the seedling grows to 10-15 cm, it can be planted.

Soilless cultivation of asparagus

1. Planting: the plant-row spacing of hollow cabbage is about 15 cm × 15 cm, and the planting time is usually carried out in the afternoon. Before planting, the bottom water is poured through, and after underwater infiltration, the seedlings are implanted into the substrate and properly buried in 2-3 nodes. The substrate cultivation almost does not slow down the seedlings, and will soon enter the normal growth.

2. Fertilizer and water management: after planting, hollow cabbage can be harvested continuously for many times. in cultivation, we should apply sufficient base fertilizer and topdressing in time after each harvest in order to achieve high yield and topdressing 2-4 kg of urea. Asparagus likes to be wet and needs a lot of water, so it should be watered frequently to keep it moist all the time. Under normal circumstances, it should be watered once every 4-5 days during harvest.

3. Pest control: organic ecotype soilless cultivation, asparagus diseases and insect pests are relatively light, mainly including sudden disease, stem rot, white rust, whitefly, snail, cabbage worm, red spider, locust, aphid, bean moth and so on. Insect control nets are generally used to prevent the spread of pests and reduce the use of drugs.