Under the land circulation, who appears a new model in the main body of growing grain?

According to the land transfer data of the Department of Agriculture of Henan Province, as well as the special investigation data of Henan Provincial people's Congress, the area of non-grain land in Henan Province has reached about 15%. It is worth paying attention to the impact on grain production.

Henan, a major grain-producing province, has a strong momentum of land circulation. Statistics from the Provincial Department of Agriculture show that at present, the total area of land transfer in Henan is 33.93 million mu, accounting for 34.8% of the land contracted by households.

In terms of the circulation structure, a monitoring result from 2011 to 2013 shows that the annual growth rate of the circulation area of farmers has dropped from 25% to 16%, while the growth rate of new main bodies, including enterprises, cooperatives and major grain growers, has remained at more than 40%.

How has the situation of growing grain in Henan changed after the large-scale farmland of a household?

A new pattern appears in the main body of growing grain.

From April to July 2014, the Henan Provincial people's Congress organized a special survey on the issue of land transfer. the questionnaire survey was conducted among 600 farmers in 40 counties (cities and districts) in 18 provincial municipalities.

At present, the area of land transfer in Henan is increasing rapidly. Of the 600 rural households, 379 contracted land were transferred, accounting for 63.2% of the farmers surveyed, and the proportion of land transfer area increased by nearly 60% in the four years from 2010 to 2014.

From the perspective of the period of land transfer, most of them belong to medium-and long-term, of which 128 are less than 5 years, 114 are 5 to 10 years, and 137 are more than 10 years, accounting for 33.8%, 30.1% and 36.1%, respectively.

From the point of view of the object of land transfer, a total of 268 households, accounting for 70.7%, have been transferred to large land management households, and less than 30% have been transferred to ordinary farmers.

In terms of land transfer costs, nearly 70% of the land transfer farmers receive land transfer funds of more than 500 yuan per mu every year.

In this context, the matter of growing grain is undergoing a "chemical change".

In August 2014, seven farmers' cooperatives in Weihui City were docked with a provincial leading agricultural enterprise to form a joint cooperative of farmers' professional cooperatives. At present, the United Society has a total of more than 30, 000 mu of land, of which 6632 mu are transferred, 17190 mu are entrusted, and the rest is contract agriculture. It is reported that the flour enterprise processes 300000 tons of wheat a year. At that time, the market grain price will be high or not low, and all the grain of the United Society will be recycled.

Cheng Jihua, director of the United Society, told reporters: "at present, in the United Society, there are those engaged in planting, agricultural machinery services, and soil testing and formula fertilization. In the past, there were many 'shortcomings' in fighting on their own, and after the union, the resources shared and complemented each other. The small sampan became a big sailboat."

"the company mainly processes strong gluten bread flour, and although the amount of strong gluten wheat planted by farmers is large, the standard is not up to the requirements. Now this kind of docking, safe, stable, standardized food sources have been guaranteed. " The person in charge of the above-mentioned enterprise, Yuan Hui, said.

Zhang Jingshui, deputy director of the Xinxiang Municipal Bureau of Agriculture, said that land circulation and large-scale operation are both a good thing and a trend, but restricted by various conditions, pure grain land transfer costs are high and output is low. "after the establishment of a joint cooperative, leading enterprises joined. The problem of capital and product marketing of cooperatives has been solved. More importantly, the docking of the field and the workshop has improved the industrialization level of agriculture. It can be said that various resource elements are integrated and reorganized under the drive of land circulation, resulting in a 'chemical reaction'. "

Similar to the "chemical reaction", it is also reflected in the land transfer trust model explored in some places.

In June 2014, Huaibin Yifeng Farmers' Cooperative signed a contract with a trust company in Zhengzhou to complete the first land transfer trust project in Xinyang City. Li Zhaofeng, chairman of the cooperative, said that over the past few years, the cooperative has transferred and operated more than 1300 mu of land, and with the gradual increase of various inputs, the capital bottleneck has become increasingly prominent, and it is no longer possible to afford to continue to expand the scale.

"according to the new model, the trust company pays the rent, transfers 1000 mu of land from the village, and then gives it to the cooperative for planting, and the two sides settle the income on a pro rata basis. In this way, on the one hand, there is less restriction on investment, on the other hand, cooperatives can achieve rolling development. " Li Zhaofeng said.

Zhang Yaling, head of Henan Dayu Damei Modern Agriculture Co., Ltd., which has also transferred 3500 mu of land in trust mode, said that because of the addition of trust companies, a solid "triangular relationship" has been formed between subcontracted farmers, business entities, and trust companies. It not only effectively reduces the risk that farmers can not get land rent due to poor management, but also solves the financial problems of new operators, which may have a catalytic effect on land circulation in the future.