The latest course on soilless cultivation techniques of garlic yellow

Garlic yellow is a kind of green and pollution-free vegetable that uses garlic bulbs to soften and grow under dark conditions. it has bright color, rich fragrance, tender and delicious flavor, rich nutrition, strong bactericidal effect and excellent effect of dietary therapy and health. for the beloved appetizer fitness vegetables, planting garlic yellow not only adds a delicious dish to the table, but also opens up a way for farmers to get rich.

Construction of cultivation facilities of garlic yellow

The main contents are as follows: 1. The location of the cultivation pond: the selection requirements of the location of the garlic cultivation pond are as follows: one is to choose the place where the water source is convenient to provide guarantee for the production of garlic yellow. The second is to choose places with convenient transportation. The production of garlic yellow needs to transport raw materials and products. Only by choosing places with convenient transportation can we ensure that the transportation is unimpeded. Third, garlic can be planted in open rows in the forest and in the courtyard, so there is no need to occupy cultivated land.

2. Construction of cultivation ponds: the size of the cultivation ponds can be determined according to the actual situation, and the address area is large, so that several more ponds can be built, which is not only easy to operate, but also can be sowed in stubble and harvested in stages to meet the market demand. In general, the pool is 10 meters long and 2 meters wide, and it is usually appropriate for the two pools to be built together. Bricks will be used to build the middle wall into about 80 cm high and about 60 cm high around. The gap on the wall will be wiped solid with cement to prevent ventilation. The water inlet and outlet should be set aside at both ends of the pool, and the bottom of the pool should have a certain slope (that is, the inlet is about 1 °higher than the outlet), so as to facilitate the discharge of excess water from the pool and avoid garlic seed rot.

3. The laying of plastic film: after the construction of the cultivation pool, pull 3 steel wires longitudinally and equidistant, and fix them to support the cover on the top of the pool. Before sowing garlic seeds, a thicker plastic film should be laid at the bottom of the pool, and the plastic film should be slightly wider and longer than the bottom of the pool, and the edge of the plastic film should be fixed around the wall with nails to make it impervious to water and become a hydroponic cultivation bed in the pool. Garlic is planted directly on the plastic film, which is clean and convenient.

4. build supporting facilities: garlic yellow needs a large amount of water, and wells should be drilled for irrigation. The depth of the well varies from region to region, generally reaching a depth of more than 15 meters. After drilling the well, install the electric water pump on the well, connect the water supply pipe, and turn on the power supply to supply the garlic yellow cultivation bed.

Cultivation and sowing techniques of garlic yellow

1. Garlic species selection: the growth of garlic yellow completely depends on the nutrition of garlic cloves, so the yield of garlic yellow is directly related to the quality of garlic seeds. Garlic with strong growth, no diseases and insect pests and no mechanical damage should be selected. generally, about 10 cloves of white garlic and red garlic can be used as garlic seeds.

2. Sowing time: garlic yellow can adapt to a wide range of temperature and can grow under the condition of 10-30 ℃. It can be produced in early spring, early summer, autumn and early winter except in cold winter and dog days. The harvest time of garlic is May every year, which coincides with the high temperature period in summer, the temperature is often above 25 ℃, garlic is dormant, sowing directly without treatment after harvest, it will not germinate and grow. Therefore, if the garlic seed sown before September, the dormancy period must be broken before it can sprout normally. The specific method is to store the garlic seed in the dark environment of 0: 5 ℃ for 1 month before sowing.

3. Soak garlic seeds: the day before sowing, soak the garlic in woven bags with gibberellin 20000 times solution for 3 hours for 4 hours. Although the immersion link is simple to operate, it is essential. Otherwise, watering after sowing, the garlic seed absorbs water and expands and squeezes into a knot on the culture bed, which is not conducive to the germination and growth of garlic yellow.

4. Sowing technology: sowing is also called garlic platoon, that is, soaking garlic seeds are cultivated on the plastic film in the pond. Take the inlet end of the pool as the starting point, directly discharge the garlic seeds, put them manually, head up, root plate down, the head row tight, and some loose garlic can be discharged in the gap. The whole bed should be full and pressed with your hands, generally requiring 15-19 kg of garlic per square meter.

Cultivation and management techniques of garlic yellow

1. Prevent lodging: lay a large eye net 30cm away from the bottom of the pool and fix it around the pool to ensure the upright growth of garlic. At the same time, the heat preservation of garlic is very important. 4'6 bamboo poles can be placed equidistant below the steel wire on the pool, and the black plastic sheet can be spread flat on the steel wire and fixed around it. Spread a layer of grass on the plastic sheet to keep warm and shade. In order to ensure that the grass is not drenched by rain and snow, spread a layer of plastic sheet on top of the grass, fixed around it, and press it with heavy objects to prevent it from being blown off by the wind. In this way, the temperature in the garlic pond is guaranteed, which lays a foundation for the normal growth of garlic yellow.

2. Timely watering: we should grasp the principle that the amount of water should be small in the early stage and large in the later stage. The reason is that in the early stage, the garlic root grows slowly, the watering is too large, the garlic will float, and some will be squeezed into a pile, resulting in rotten garlic due to lack of oxygen, and in the middle and later period, the garlic root will grow densely, like a blanket, and the garlic yellow will grow more and need more water and heat at this time, so the watering times are slightly more and the amount of water is slightly larger than that in the early stage. Generally, the first 10 days, watering 1 to 2 times a day, every 20 square meters of cultivation bed watering no more than 5 minutes, the amount of water not more than 0.5 cubic meters. After 10 days, each watering can reach 7-8 minutes, the amount of water is about 0.7 cubic meters, and the watering can reach 2-3 times a day. According to the market price of garlic yellow, the market time can be artificially controlled by the number of times of watering. Early listing, garlic yellow can be watered 1 or 2 times a day in the middle and later stage of growth, delayed listing, and can be watered less once a day.

3. Regulation of temperature and humidity: in order to promote the early germination of garlic buds, the temperature should be increased at the initial stage of planting garlic, and the average daily temperature should be controlled at 25-27 ℃. After germination, with the growth of garlic yellow, the room temperature gradually decreased to 18: 22 ℃. The temperature decreased 5-6 days before harvest, 18-20 ℃ in daytime and 13-15 ℃ at night. When the temperature is too high, garlic yellow grows fast, and the plant is thin and weak and easy to lodge, thus reducing its yield and quality. Temperature regulation is mainly realized by ventilation and uncovering of grass grass. After planting garlic, the indoor air humidity was maintained at 85.90%. In the middle and later stage of growth, the leaves of garlic grow densely, which should remove moisture and prevent plant erosion. In order to reduce the loss of water and wilting of the product before harvest, the indoor humidity should be maintained at 75% 80%.

4, timely harvest: generally after 20 to 25 days, the garlic can be harvested when the garlic yellow grows to 35 to 45 centimeters. When harvesting, the sickle is cut against the top of the garlic cloves. After harvest, the excess garlic cloves in the yellow roots of garlic are removed with a small iron rake and tied up with plastic strips to make the bottom neat and the upper upright golden. The wrapped garlic yellow can be washed with clean water to cool down, because the garlic yellow grows in a higher temperature and is easy to rot when it is put outdoors after harvest. After the garlic is washed, it should be covered with plastic sheeting to avoid bright light. After harvest, the cultivation bed should be watered once, and the yield can be increased by spraying 0.1% potassium dihydrogen phosphate or 0.2% 0.3% urea solution every 7 days. The garlic can be harvested again at an interval of 15 to 20 days. generally, after 2 crops of cultivated garlic, the garlic residue in the pond can be cleaned and disinfected and sowed for the second time.