The latest course of zucchini planting techniques and methods

Zucchini, also known as bear melon, white melon, small melon, vegetable melon, urticaria, etc., is an annual trailing herb of the pumpkin family, native to southern North America. China began to introduce cultivation from Europe in the middle of the 19th century, and the fruit was used as a vegetable. contains more vitamin C, glucose and other nutrients, with high cultivation value, let's take a look at zucchini planting technology!

Growth habits of zucchini

1. Temperature: the optimum temperature of zucchini growth period is 20: 25 ℃, the growth is slow below 15 ℃, and the growth stops below 8 ℃. Over 30 ℃, the growth is slow and diseases are very easy to occur. The suitable temperature for seed germination is 25: 30 ℃, 13 ℃ can germinate, but very slow, 30: 35 ℃ germination is the fastest, but easy to cause overgrowth. The flowering and fruiting period needs a higher temperature, and it is generally best to keep 22: 25 ℃. The lowest temperature for root growth was 6 ℃, and the lowest temperature for root hair formation was 12 ℃. The fertilized fruit can develop normally when the night temperature is 8-10 ℃.

2. Light: the light intensity of zucchini is moderate and can withstand weak light, but it is easy to grow when the light is insufficient. In terms of photoperiod, it belongs to short-day plants, long-day conditions are beneficial to stem and leaf growth, and melon-bearing period is earlier under short-day conditions.

3. Humidity: zucchini like to be moist and not resistant to drought. Virus diseases are easy to occur under high temperature and drought conditions, but high temperature and high humidity are also easy to cause powdery mildew.

4. Soil: zucchini is not strict to the soil, sand, loam and clay can be cultivated, and the loam with deep soil layer is easy to get high yield.

Cultivated varieties of zucchini

1. Mosaic zucchini: mosaic zucchini, also known as Algerian zucchini. It is widely cultivated in northern China. The vine is short, erect, less branched, compact and suitable for close planting. The leaf blade is palmately parted, narrow and long, with gray-white spots near the veins. The fifth to sixth nodes of the main vine bear the first female flower, and there are 3 or 5 melons per plant. Melon long oval, dark green peel, with yellow-green irregular stripes, melon flesh green and white, dense meat, less fiber.

2. Seedless zucchini: the seeds of seedless zucchini have no seed coat, and they are varieties that can be eaten with seeds. The plant is trailing, 1.6 meters long, the first female flower is born in the seventh to ninth nodes, and then another female flower appears at intervals of 1-3 nodes. Melons are short columns, and tender melons can be used as vegetables. The peel of the old ripe melon is orange, and the single melon weighs 4-5 kg.

3. Green zucchini: the vine of green zucchini is 3 meters long and 2.2 centimeters thick. The leaf heart is dirty, dark green, and the leaf edge is irregularly serrated. The first female flower is born in the fourth to sixth nodes of the main vine. Melon long oval, smooth epidermis, green-white, angled 6. Generally speaking, a single melon weighs 2 to 3 kilograms.

4, long vine zucchini: long vine zucchini plant creeping growth, stem vine length of about 2.5 meters, medium branching. Leaves triangular, lobed, green, dorsally hairy. The main vine began to bear melons after the ninth section, and there were 2 or 3 melons per plant. Melon cylindric, slightly thinner in middle.

Cultivation techniques of zucchini

1. Soil preparation and fertilization: organic fertilizer is the main fertilizer for soil preparation, generally 2000 kg of rotten organic fertilizer, 75 kg of cake fertilizer, 40 kg of compound fertilizer and 80 kg of plant ash are applied per mu. Spread fertilizer evenly on the ground, turn it 30 cm deep and flatten the ground.

2. Ditching and bed adjustment: using deep trench and high border and mulching with plastic film. Generally, the width of the border is 100 cm, the height of the border is 20 cm, and the width of the ditch is 25 cm to 30 cm. Before covering the film, the border surface should be leveled again and herbicide should be sprayed. When covering the film, it must be tightened and covered flat, so that the plastic film and the border cover are close, and the sides of the film are compacted with soil. After fertilizing the land as a border film, smoke with 45% chlorothalonil smoke agent 1 kg per mu before planting, and the greenhouse was closed for disinfection for about 7 days.

3. Timely planting: it is generally planted in the middle of March, when the seedlings are just unfolded in 3 leaves and 1 heart or 4 leaves, the seedling age is about 30 days. The small varieties were planted in double rows according to the plant spacing of 40 × 40 cm, with about 1800 plants per mu. The large varieties were planted in double rows according to the plant spacing of 50 × 50 cm, with about 1600 plants per mu. Pour the seedling bed with water one day before planting, select strong seedlings and good seedlings, transplant the roots with more soil as far as possible, let the roots stretch normally during planting, pour root water after planting, and cover the planting holes tightly with fine soil, and then water them once a day until the seedlings survive.

4. Temperature management: there is no ventilation in the slow seedling stage, increase the temperature of the shed and promote rooting. The greenhouse temperature should be kept at 25: 28 ℃ during the day and 18: 20 ℃ at night. When the greenhouse temperature exceeds 30 ℃ at noon on a sunny day, it can be properly ventilated. After seedling retardation, the greenhouse temperature was controlled at 20: 25 ℃ in daytime and 12: 15 ℃ at night, which was beneficial to female flower differentiation and early sitting. After sitting melon, keep the temperature to 22: 26 ℃ in daytime, 15: 18 ℃ at night, and the lowest is not less than 10 ℃. Increasing the temperature difference between day and night is beneficial to nutrition accumulation and melon expansion.

5. Pollination and fruit protection: artificial pollination must be adopted when the temperature is low in early spring. Generally, before 9: 00 in the morning, the male flowers blooming on the same day are picked, the Corolla is removed, and the stigma of the female flower is gently smeared. Or use anti-falling hormone, fruit set ling and other plant hormones according to the instructions.

6. Fertilizer and water management: timely watering according to soil moisture. When there is a lack of fertilizer in the later stage, the broken film can be applied by topdressing 10kg / mu of compound fertilizer or spraying foliar fertilizer.

7. Timely harvest: zucchini mainly eat tender melons, harvest when they meet the requirements of commercial melons, keep more melons and big melons for growing plants, and harvest melons late for growing plants. Plants with weak growth should leave fewer melons and pick melons early. Do not damage the main vine when picking, and leave the stalk on the main vine as far as possible.

Summary: zucchini fruit is cylindrical, small fruit shape, smooth fruit surface, to pick tender fruit for vegetables, with thin skin, thick meat, juicy, meat can be vegetarian, vegetables can be stuffed and loved by people, and the cultivation prospect is very good. All right, the editor of zucchini planting technology is introduced here. Let's continue to take a look at the pest control technology of zucchini.