The latest course on planting techniques and methods of alpinia officinalis

Jerusalem artichoke, also known as Guizi ginger, five-star grass, etc., is a perennial herb of the genus Compositae sunflower, 1 to 3 meters high, with massive underground stems and fibrous roots, and underground tubers are rich in starch, inulin and other fructose polymers, which are edible and can also be used as raw materials for the production of starch and alcohol. Planting near the house has both beautification and beautification. Let's take a look at the planting technology of alpinia officinalis.

Growth habits of alpinia officinarum

Alpinia officinalis is native to North America and was introduced into China through Europe. Now it is cultivated in most parts of China. It is resistant to cold and drought, and the tuber can survive the winter safely in the permafrost of-30 ℃. The seedlings in early spring can tolerate light frost, and the mature leaves in autumn can tolerate short-term-4 minutes 5 ℃. The temperate zone was 18-22 ℃ and light for 12 hours was beneficial to tuber formation. Resistance to barren, soil requirements are not strict, in addition to acid soil, swamps and saline-alkali areas are not suitable for planting, some are not suitable for planting other crops of land, such as ruins, house side, roadside can grow.

Propagation methods of alpinia officinalis

After thawing in spring, the tubers weighing 20 to 25 grams were selected for sowing, the tuber seeds per mu were 50 kilograms, the plant row spacing was 0.5 × 0.5 meters, the sowing depth was 10 centimeters, and the seedlings emerged about 30 days after sowing. Alpinia officinalis is sown in one year, and there are tubers left in the soil after harvest, but it can no longer be sown the following year, but in order to distribute the plants evenly, the seedlings should be thinned in the places where the plants are too dense, and the plants should be replanted in the places where the plants are missing.

Cultivation techniques of alpinia officinalis

1. Weeding: after the emergence of ginger seedlings, the seedlings should be replenished in time, and weeding should be carried out once combined with seedling replenishment. Mid-tillage weeding generally ploughing loose soil 30-40 days after sowing, with a depth of about 6 cm, combined with mid-tillage for weeding. The second intertillage was carried out before budding, combined with weeding to create good conditions for the growth and development of tubers. And combine with ploughing to cultivate soil, in the tuber expansion period to pick flowers and buds, in order to promote tuber expansion.

2. Fertilization: the soil was prepared after the ginger was harvested in autumn, 5000 kg of miscellaneous manure was applied per mu, 70% was sprinkled, and 30% was concentrated in ditch when sowing. In addition, 15 kg of potassium sulfate was applied and ploughed deeply for 30 cm. After ploughing, the bed was leveled for sowing. On the basis of sufficient basal fertilizer, fertilizer should be applied twice in the growing period, the first time around the end of May, 10 kg urea per mu to promote the seedlings to produce more new shoots. The second time in the early budding stage, 15 kg of potassium sulfate per mu was applied and watered later.

3. Watering: the seedling stage, jointing stage, budding stage and tuber expansion stage of alpinia officinalis are the four key periods of watering. Generally, seedling water can be watered in the middle of April, water saving in late May, bud water in the middle of August, and tuber swelling water in the middle of October. Although the ginger is drought-resistant, it can greatly increase the yield when the soil moisture is sufficient.

Harvest and storage of alpinia officinalis

1. Harvest: it is the period of rapid growth of alpinia ginger tuber after autumn. When the leaves and stems of alpinia officinalis are completely frozen to death by frost in early October, the underground tuber can be harvested. Using manual or mechanical methods, the alpinia tuber can be removed from the soil. If you use alpinia officinalis in the second spring, you can cut off the ginger stalk after autumn without collecting the ginger tuber, but take it out as early as possible in the second spring, otherwise it will germinate quickly (the ground temperature begins to germinate at 2 ℃), affecting the quality of the ginger.

2. Storage: dig a shallow cellar in autumn, put the ginger in, then sprinkle it with sand to maintain humidity and adequate ventilation, and then cover it with 5m thick soil to keep the ginger from being exposed. Straw handle can be used to make several ventilation holes when stored in large quantities. Ginger begins to hibernate below 0 ℃, and is afraid of heat and cold during winter storage. as long as it is covered with soil, it will not freeze to death at-50 ℃, and it can still germinate and grow in the second year.

3. Transport: the packaging of ginger can generally be packed in plastic woven bags, that is, breathable and moisturizing, generally placed for 10 to 20 days. The transport can be carried by automobile or rail, and the ginger should be covered with ginger cloth to avoid losing too much water. It is best to choose ventilated wagons for railway transportation. If you choose shipping, you should put the ginger in a well-ventilated, low-temperature condition and the shipping time should not exceed 30 days.