When will the latest black beans be planted?

Black beans are the black seeds of legume soybeans, also known as soybeans, black soybeans, etc., with black outer skin, yellow or green inside, high protein and low calorie characteristics, warm sex, high temperature tolerance, and suitable temperature of 1830 degrees. Sowing method is best for those with large and full particles and black color. Let's take a look at when black beans will be planted.

Seed treatment

1. Variety selection: according to the types of local production ecological conditions and market demand, high-quality varieties with suitable ripening period, high yield, high quality and strong stress resistance, such as Black Pearl 1, were selected according to local conditions.

2. Seed selection: after seed selection and seed selection before sowing, after removing diseased grains, residual grains, blighted seeds, grass seeds and sundries, the seed purity reached 99%, the purity reached 98%, and the germination rate reached 95%.

3. Seed treatment: seeds were evenly mixed with rhizobium 0.75 L / ha under the condition of avoiding light. Fungicides could not be mixed after seed dressing, and the seeds were sown within 24 hours after mixing.

Planting time

1, the appropriate time for precision sowing: the sowing time of black beans is generally from May 15 to 20, and the soil temperature at the depth of 5 cm stably passes through 8: 9 ℃. When the soil moisture is mastered, double-row equidistant precision sowing on the ridge with precision seeder is timely used, and the sowing is suppressed with the sowing.

2. Sowing depth: the sowing depth of black beans is generally 3-4 cm, the soil viscosity or soil moisture of the sown land is good and shallow, and spring drought, windy, loose soil or soil moisture difference can be a little deeper.

3. Sowing density: the cultivation density of black bean should be determined according to the characteristics of varieties, natural conditions, soil fertility and cultivation methods. The seedling density is 20 ~ 260000 plants / ha, and the sowing rate is 70kg / ha.

4. Deep application of seed fertilizer: when sowing black beans, the compound fertilizer was deeply applied to 8 cm and 12 cm by precision sowing machine, and the amount of fertilizer was 100,120kg / ha.

Land selection and preparation

1. Crop rotation: black bean planting adopts wheat-corn-black bean and corn-wheat-black bean rotation for 3 years, and black bean is planted with wheat or corn stubble.

2. Land selection and deep ploughing: black beans are planted in plots with good drainage, fertile soil and irrigation conditions, and wheat stubble is turned 15 cm to 18 cm in autumn. Corn stubble in late autumn stubble deep ploughing, stubble for 12: 15. Cm, deep ploughing ≥ 30 cm.

3, soil preparation and fertilization: black bean planting is mainly soil preparation in spring, intensive ploughing and raking, ridging and preserving soil moisture in time after raking, ridge width of 60 cm. 30 tons / ha of fully mature high-quality farm manure was evenly applied before soil preparation, combined with raking and buried in the plough layer.

Field management

1. Shoveling and topdressing: in order to improve the soil temperature, store water and preserve soil moisture, eliminate weeds, enhance the activity of soil microorganisms, and promote the healthy growth of seedlings, we should loosen the ridges and furrows in time after finishing the seedlings, do two shovels and three times, and pull up the big grass once before the grass seeds are formed. Combined with two times of ploughing and soil cultivation, topdressing urea 60 kg / ha.

2. Foliar topdressing: black beans should be planted in the early flowering stage and grain filling stage, and 1% urea solution and 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate aqueous solution should be sprayed on the leaves.

3. Timely irrigation: in order to promote the subsequent full seeds of black beans when planting black beans, they should be irrigated 1 or 2 times in case of drought during the flowering and podding period, generally 400 cubic meters per hectare, and 45 kg of urea should be applied with water.

4. Pest control: black bean planting with 10% imidacloprid 1500 times solution spray to control aphids, gray spot disease initial stage with 40% carbendazim solution spray control.

5. Harvest and storage: black beans mature by stages. In order to reduce labor, the subsequent pods are harvested at one time when more than 70% of the pods are ripe, dried for 5 or 7 days after harvest, and threshed manually. Achieve single harvest, single transportation, single threshing, single bagging.