The latest course on planting techniques and methods of green kernel and black bean

Green kernel black bean is the black seed of leguminous plant soybean, with black skin, green skin, navel white and round grain, which is called "black pearl". It has high nutritional value and has the functions of anti-aging, eyesight black hair, tonifying kidney and spleen, prolonging life and so on. The products sell well in Japan, South Korea and Southeast Asia, and the economic benefits are very considerable. Let's take a look at the planting technology of green kernel black bean.

Variety characteristics

Green kernel black bean is a medium-mature variety with tall plants, strong branching ability, well-developed root system, robust growth, spectacular, disease resistance and lodging resistance. The pod setting ability is strong, the pods are large, 3 seeds per pod, 4 pods account for more than 10%, the weight of 100 seeds of fresh beans is 8288 grams, the weight of 100 seeds of dried beans is 42 grams, the yield is high, the yield is about 200 kilograms per mu, the high yield is more than 250 kilograms, and the yield of fresh edamame beans per mu is more than 900 kilograms. The seed oil is black and shiny, the kernel is green, glittering and translucent, especially for fresh edamame beans, it tastes better, tastes better and has a unique flavor.

Sowing at the right time

The main results are as follows: 1. Land selection and sowing: green kernel black bean planting should choose non-stubble and non-stubble plots with medium soil fertility. Apply 3000 kg of high-quality agricultural fertilizer and 10kg of compound fertilizer per mu as base fertilizer. Spring sowing is in the first and middle of April, and the ground temperature of 5 cm below the ground should be 18 ℃. Rape in the Yangtze River basin can also be sown after harvest in summer. Wheat in the north of the Yangtze River can be sowed immediately after wheat harvest, and sowing should be finished before the middle of June.

2. Sowing density: the green kernel black bean plant is tall and suitable for sparse sowing. In the medium fertility field, 1.1 ~ 13000 plants per mu are sown in spring, and about 10 000 plants are sown in the high fertilizer paddy field. Sowing 1.2 ~ 15000 plants in summer, sowing density should be increased to 1.8 ~ 20000 plants per mu in the plots with late sowing and poor soil fertility. Generally, the row spacing is 30 cm to 40 cm, and the plant spacing is 20 cm to 25 cm. Each hole is sown with 2 seeds and 5 kg with seed.

Field management

1, seedling replacement: green kernel black bean planting generally lack of seedlings of the plot can be replanted on the spot, the transplanting soil should be strict, such as small soil moisture, but also watering to ensure the survival rate. In order to make the seedlings replanted by transplanting grow rapidly, the seedling fertilizer should be applied properly after transplanting to promote the seedling to be neat and strong. If there is a serious shortage of seedlings, they should be replanted directly.

2. Weeding in middle ploughing: the seedlings of green kernel black bean were planted in 2 single leaves, and the first compound leaves were fixed in the whole spreading period. Weak plants, diseased plants and hybrid plants should be eliminated and healthy plants should be retained. The first intertillage was generally carried out when the first compound leaf appeared and the cotyledon did not fall, and the second intertillage was carried out when the seedling height was about 20 cm and the leaves were not closed. The first time ploughing should be shallow, the second time slightly deep, combined with topdressing to cultivate the soil.

3. Timely topdressing: green kernel black beans should be combined with ploughing to apply 20,30kg of three-element compound fertilizer and 2000 kg of farm manure as base fertilizer. Check the seedlings in time after emergence and plant supplementary seedlings. When the plant height is about 20 cm, 15 kg of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer is applied per mu, and the amount of topdressing should be increased if there is no base fertilizer in summer sowing.

4. Chemical control treatment: when the plant height of Qingren black bean is more than 50 cm, the overgrowing field is sprayed with 2000 times of paclobutrazol powder for 1 time to prevent excessive growth, and 10 kg urea per mu is applied at the initial stage of flowering. And spray concentrated solution of ammonium molybdate with a concentration of 0.01% to 0.05%, in order to reduce the shedding of stubble pods, accelerate the expansion of beans and increase the yield.

5. Disease prevention and pest control: in the flower and pod stage, when more than 30% of the leaves have disease spots, use 50% carbendazim wettable powder or 40% carbendazim gel spin agent, 1.5 kg per hectare and 500 kg of water to control gray spot. Aphids and red spiders can be controlled by spraying 35% Sedan EC 1000ml to 1500ml per hectare, or 1500 grams of 10% imidacloprid, or 1.8% avermectin 150ml, spraying 500kg of water.