How did the latest garlic come into being?

Garlic is a general term for garlic plants in the genus Allium of Liliaceae. It is flat spherical or short conical. There are gray or light brown membranous scales outside. There are 6~10 garlic cloves inside the peeled scales. It is born around the flower stem. However, sometimes there is only one garlic clove after peeling. This kind of garlic is called single garlic or single garlic. Let's take a look at how the garlic is formed!

Reason 1: Garlic sowing too late is the main reason for the production of single-headed garlic, such as planting in the warmer spring, garlic seedlings just grow out soon encountered high temperature and long sunshine, in this condition many sprouts will degenerate and only a single garlic clove.

Reason 2: Garlic grows out of inflorescences that do not bloom but produce many aerial bulbs (that is, the flowers at the top of the garlic sprouts grow up). With this aerial bulb planted in the ground, the garlic produced in this way is often a single-petal garlic.

Reason 3: Early maturing varieties, small garlic cloves, poor soil, insufficient basal fertilizer, drought and water shortage, serious grass shortage, too high density, too few leaves, temperature and illumination conditions required for scale bud differentiation can not be met, etc. will lead to the production of single-headed garlic.

Reason 4: garlic due to species degradation, plant growth is weak, leaf area is small, assimilation of nutrients accumulation is less, the plant is not enough to differentiate flower buds and other conditions will also produce a single garlic.

Cultivation techniques of garlic

1. Land selection and preparation: single garlic cultivation should be selected from sandy soil or sandy loam soil. After harvest, clean the garden as soon as possible, deeply turn kang and dry, mature the soil, apply decomposed high-quality organic fertilizer 2000 kg, calcium superphosphate 50 kg, potassium sulfate 10 kg per mu, and then open the soil with 1~1.2 meters.

2. Seed petal treatment: the selected seed petals are placed in a cold storage at 2~5℃ for 50~60 days, and the proportion of single garlic after cultivation can reach 50%. The garlic seeds treated at low temperature have been released from dormancy and germinated, and their life activities have been gradually strengthened. Therefore, it is necessary to seize the time and sow them in different grades.

3. Sowing time: After low temperature treatment, garlic seeds should be sown between the autumnal equinox and cold dew. The rate of single garlic is 40~50%. The single garlic is large and excellent in quality, and the comprehensive output value is high. Therefore, the best sowing time for single garlic cultivation should be grasped at this period.

4. Pre-sowing treatment: before sowing, the garlic seeds treated by low temperature shall be divided into petals, bottom covers and other treatments, and then classified according to large, medium and small grades for use. Soak in cool water for 6 - 12 hours before sowing, drain water vapor, dress seeds with 50% carbendazim powder, and then sow.

5. Sowing method

① Dibbling: according to the plant spacing of 4×5 cm, use wooden stakes to point holes on the ridge surface, put in a clove of garlic, root downward. After the point, the ridge surface is covered with 1 cm thick fine soil, and about 80,000 ~ 90,000 seedlings/mu are planted.

② Drilling: shovel out a sowing ditch with a depth of 4~6 cm and a width of 15 cm with a hoe, and then sow seeds in the ditch according to the row spacing of 4×7 cm. Pay attention to that garlic cloves cannot be inverted, and plant about 60 ~ 70,000 seedlings/mu.

6. Sowing depth: The sowing depth of garlic should be 4~6 cm. On the one hand, the emergence of seedlings consumes a certain amount of energy, which is conducive to weakening plant growth and improving the rate of single garlic. On the other hand, the fruit shape of garlic is positive, and the appearance of goods is good.

7, the implementation of interplanting: after planting garlic in its interplanting short growth period of small leaf vegetables, such as spinach, coriander, cherry radish, etc., can play a proper shading, competition for space, competition for nutrients to inhibit the growth of seedlings, to improve the rate of garlic.

8. Fertilizer and water management: garlic needs different kinds of fertilizer sources in different growth periods. Generally speaking, it focuses on nitrogen fertilizer in the early stage of growth, and tends to phosphorus and potassium fertilizer in the later stage. On the basis of applying sufficient base fertilizer, topdressing should be carried out in an appropriate period.

① Fertilizer for seedlings: When garlic grows 4~5 leaves, the nutrients in the seed petals are exhausted, and the plants turn to absorb nutrients from the soil. They should be diluted and sprinkled with 1500 kg/mu of human excrement in time, or 5~10 kg/mu of urea can be applied and watered together.

(2) Expansion fertilizer: When the garlic grows 7~9 leaves, the garlic that does not differentiate flower buds begins to expand, and the garlic that can sprout completes flower bud differentiation and elongates growth. Potassium sulfate can be applied according to 12~20 kg/mu, and the irrigation amount is increased to promote the rapid expansion of garlic.

3 foliar fertilizer: garlic planting should be combined with plant growth with appropriate concentration of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, garlic special multi-element fertilizer, garlic swelling element foliar spraying, these measures are conducive to improving yield and quality.