The latest gourd melon how to grow the best?

Calabash melon is also known as gourd, Pu Lu, ladle melon, etc. It is an annual climbing herb belonging to gourd family. It is widely cultivated in all parts of our country and also widely cultivated in tropical to temperate regions of the world. It can be harvested as vegetables before maturity. After drying, the old gourd can be hollowed out to hold things. Let's take a look at how to plant gourd melon. It's the best!

The cultivation conditions of gourd melon

1. Temperature: Cucurbit melon is a thermophilic crop, seeds begin to germinate at 15℃, the optimum growth temperature is 20~25℃, 9~10℃ growth and development is hindered, 36~38℃ transpiration is too strong, easy to appear premature aging.

2. Moisture: Cucurbit melon has developed roots, strong water absorption capacity, luxuriant foliage, large transpiration, timely irrigation in case of drought, the most water is required during flowering and fruiting period, and the water should not be excessive from late fruit development to harvest.

3. Light: Cucurbit melon is resistant to weak light. In order to ensure high yield and high quality, it should be planted in open and sunny areas. When it is cloudy, it will affect the normal growth of melon seedlings and fruits.

4. Soil: Cucurbit melon has strong adaptability and grows well in slightly acidic (pH = 6.5~7) soil. The yield is higher when planting in sandy loam with good drainage.

Seedling Techniques of Cucurbita melo

1. Soaking seeds: Select varieties suitable for local cultivation, soak seeds in warm water at 40℃ for 12~24 hours, remove them, wrap them with gauze and dry them, and crack open the soaked sweet gourd seeds.

2, germination: gourd germination container pad a layer of sterilized sawdust or sand and then pad a layer of gauze, the soaked seeds evenly placed on the gauze for germination, temperature control between 25~28℃.

3, seedbed: gourd seedling bed mat 8~10 cm horse manure or grass, spread a layer of soil above, step on, step flat, at the same time with 70% dicosone wettable powder disinfection.

4. Soil preparation: Cucurbit melon nutrient soil is selected from soil that has not been used with herbicides such as Pusite and bean sulfuron, and screened, and mixed with screened decomposed farm manure in a ratio of 7:3.

5, sowing: gourd melon nutrition bag neatly placed on the seedbed and irrigated with enough water, generally in April 5~10 sowing, will urge the good bud seed bud eye downward, after the completion of soil irrigation 1 time.

The cultivation method of gourd melon

1. Garden selection: It is better to choose Pingchuan and Erdepression with good drainage and fertile soil for gourd melon. It is better to crop corn, wheat and soybean for irrigation conditions. Avoid white melon, watermelon and other melon crops.

2. Soil preparation and fertilization: in early spring, the top slurry of gourd planting land shall be ridged, and the soil moisture shall be suppressed in time. The planting ridge shall be long ridge. 2500kg farm manure shall be used per mu, and 150kg special fertilizer for vegetables or sulfur-containing compound fertilizer shall be used as base fertilizer.

3. Timely planting: the planting distance of gourd melon is 0.67 meters, dig holes to plant single seedlings, water and fix roots, weed with Gramoxone once before ploughing, spray butachlor once after tilling, and then transplant.

4. Fertilizer and water management: top dressing of gourd melon is carried out according to soil fertility and combined with watering. Generally, 15 kg of soybean bran extract, 1.5 kg of biological phosphorus and 1.5 kg of biological potassium are applied per mu 6 days after transplantation. Mixed manure and water are applied once every 7~10 days.

5, along the vine pinch tip: gourd melon each plant to leave two main vines, can cultivate a directional soil, so that melon seedlings tilt to the downwind direction. When the first branch grows to 3 leaves, it begins to pinch the tip, watch and pinch the second and third branches, and the main vine pinches the tip after August.

6. Artificial pollination: gourd melon generally does not bloom in the morning and rainy days, so it branches and pinches every morning, and pollination begins at 16:00 p.m., and pollination can be stopped after the department. Generally, there are 6~8 melons on two main vines.

7, timely harvest: gourd melon in early August began to gradually harvest, when the first crop of melon grow to 15~18 jin or so with nails pinch sound can be harvested, the principle of the first day harvest, the second day first cut off the melon skin, then cut off the melon strips, rainy days do not cut melon strips.

Control of diseases and insect pests of cucurbit melon

1. blight

[Hazard] Infestation of roots and stems, severe wilting of leaves, appearance of initial disease after flowering and fruiting, obvious wilting at noon, recovery in the morning and evening, browning or rotting of roots, overflow of amber jelly from affected parts.

[Control] 50% carbendazim diluted 500 times, 70% thiophanate diluted 600 times, fulvic acid diluted 800 times, special yellow betel diluted 1500 times, 50% dixon diluted 500 times, mifebingwei diluted 600 times or agricultural streptomycin root irrigation.

2. Anthrax

[Hazard] The initial disease spot is pale yellow and nearly round, and the center of the disease spot is broken. In severe cases, the leaves die, the petioles appear pale brown stripes, the fruit is light green and water-stained, and the middle depression is nearly round and dark brown.

[Control] 70% thiophane 600-fold dilution, 75% chlorothalonil 500-fold dilution, mifebingwei 600-fold dilution, clomyl 1000-fold dilution, fenghuamia 1000-fold dilution and sulfur suspension 500-fold dilution were used for cross spraying control.

3. Aphids

[Hazard] It can deform and shrink the leaves of gourd and spread virus. Its secretions can also induce coal pollution disease. If it is not controlled in time, it will soon affect the tender leaves of the whole plant and most nearby plants.

[Control] After a small amount of aphids are found, they can be squeezed by hand and washed with water. They can also be coated with soap and water, noodle soup or sprayed with 1:50 tobacco water several times in a row.

4. Powdery mildew

[Hazard] Meiyu season is the high incidence period of powdery mildew, yellow spots begin to appear on the leaves, and then expand and develop into round or oval spots, with white powdery mildew layer on the surface.

[Prevention and control] Improve ventilation and light transmission conditions as much as possible, cut off diseased leaves in time, spray 1:1:100 Bordeaux mixture for protection, spray 50% carbendazim and other antibacterial agents in the early stage of disease.