Efficiency in the sound of rumbling machines: summer harvest

In late June, the large-scale cross-regional machine harvest in China's main wheat producing areas was completed in an all-round way. A total of 560000 combine harvesters have been put into operation in various localities in the "three summers" this year, with a machine yield of more than 92%. The meticulous organization and scheduling of the summer harvest by the competent agricultural departments, the popularization and application of a number of new agricultural mechanization technologies, and the increasing maturity of the cross-district operation market have enabled this year's summer harvest to be successfully completed in a race against the clock and in an orderly atmosphere. during this period, 11 consecutive days of machine harvest area of more than 10 million mu, can be described as thousands of miles of wheat harvest, particles back to the warehouse.

Agricultural mechanization production in summer harvest ushered in "Internet +" service

Agricultural machinery operators and farmers fight with all their strength in the front line of wheat harvest, which is inseparable from the services provided by agricultural machinery management departments and agricultural machinery enterprises. The rise of "Internet +" in 2015 has made the production efficiency of agricultural mechanization in "Sanxia" higher.

The Ministry of Agriculture has strengthened information guidance by issuing wheat machinery harvesting operation information from 17 provinces and issuing 340000 "agricultural machinery cross-district operation certificates" through the "Agricultural Machinery Cross-area Operation Service through Train" system of the China Agricultural Mechanization Information Network, so as to promote the docking of supply and demand between agricultural machinery operators and wheat growers and promote the orderly flow of combine harvesters. Henan Province organized more than 5700 agricultural machinery professional cooperatives and large agricultural machinery households to sign 38000 agricultural machinery operation contracts, and the contract area of machinery harvesting was more than 27 million mu in advance.

The platform of "Ping an Agricultural Machinery Communication" in Jiangsu Province has realized the exchange of information and the interaction between online and offline. The platform publishes information on machine harvesting, weather conditions, knowledge of safe use of agricultural machinery across the country, and even helps agricultural mechanics to initially calculate the benefits of cross-area operations; agricultural mechanics can consult and ask for help from the platform by compiling text messages. Liu Qiang, an agricultural mechanic in Zhangwan Township, Donghai County, Lianyungang City, sent a text message to Ping an Agricultural Machinery Link during cross-district operations in Zhejiang, hoping that the County Agricultural Machinery Bureau could help them solve the problem of annual inspection in other places. After receiving the information, Donghai County Agricultural Machinery Bureau found that the county had more than 1000 agricultural machinery operating across districts in Zhejiang Province, and organized personnel to set up a new annual inspection point in Cixi City, Zhejiang Province, saving valuable working time for agricultural machinery operators.

Anhui Province carries out "wallchart operations", combining weather charts, harvest progress charts and agricultural machinery distribution maps into one. "the data of these three charts are updated in real time, and it is clear at a glance which areas where wheat has matured, which areas lack agricultural machinery, and which areas are facing heavy rain. We can reasonably dispatch agricultural machinery and achieve accurate work." Hu Daolin, director of the Agricultural Machinery Management Office of Anhui Agricultural Machinery Bureau, said.

Luoyang Zhongshou has installed a remote dispatching system based on Beidou satellite positioning system for more than 6000 "China Harvester" harvesters to realize remote operation monitoring. During the wheat harvest, the system can record the yield of each wheat field, combined with the relevant database can analyze the fertilizer demand of the wheat field, and achieve precision fertilization and sowing. Fukuda Leiwo upgrades the "Leiwo Cloud Service" to monitor the operation of the machine through the "gold box" installed on the harvester. As long as the relevant data of the agricultural machinery is abnormal, for example, the engine oil temperature is too high, the system will turn on the light and alarm, and the staff will immediately notify the operator to stop for inspection and remove the fault in advance. Agricultural machinists can also connect their mobile phones to the "golden box" and upload photos to report for repair with one click.

One-stop operation changes "three summers" into "two summers"

Most of the new wheat harvesters in summer harvest this year are high-performance machines with a feeding capacity of more than 5 kilograms, while straw crushing and returning to the field, no-tillage sowing of corn, deep ploughing and deep loosening, grain drying and other supporting agricultural mechanization technologies have been followed up, so that the summer harvest, summer seeds and even part of the summer tube can be completed at one time, and the operation quality and efficiency will be significantly improved.

Shandong Province gives full play to the advantages of more than 5000 agricultural machinery cooperatives with good equipment and services. the operations of most agricultural machinery cooperatives cover not only wheat harvesting, straw returning to the field, corn mechanical sowing, etc., but also grain transportation, fertilization, spraying, watering, and so on.

Shaanxi Province has invested more than 1.2 million sets of agricultural machinery and tools, rationally dispatched more than 26000 combine harvesters and more than 60, 000 corn planters, and basically realized the one-stop operation of "machine harvesting, machine transportation, and machine sowing." This has made nearly 40,000 migrant workers in Longxian County, Baoji City feel at ease to work outside, changing the phenomenon of busy at both ends and running at both ends of the construction site in previous years, and increased their income by more than 10 million yuan by cutting costs.

The Renzhong Agricultural Machinery Professional Cooperative of Xiliqiu Village, Wangjiajing Town, Shenzhou City, Hebei Province, used only 12 sets of machinery to complete the harvesting, straw crushing, deep loosening and sowing of 4000 mu of land in 3 days. Sun Renzhong, chairman of the cooperative, said: "this one-stop agricultural machinery operation mode is not only efficient, but also can increase production by about 100 jin per mu. The crushing effect of straw is the best within 1 hour, and the crushing rate can reach 90%, so that the nutrient supplied by each mu of straw is equivalent to 30 jin of compound fertilizer. "

The wide and narrow row soil moisture exploration furrow sowing cultivation technology popularized and implemented by Shanxi Agriculture Department Technical extension Station in 150000 mu of dry land and expanded irrigated land, using no-tillage soil moisture exploration and sowing machine with stubble control, ditching, fertilization, sowing and suppression as a whole, can not only plant wheat in the deep soil layer with moisture, but also prevent the wheat seeds from being buried very deep, thus realizing the completion of agricultural machinery operation at one time. Yang Jun, director of the technical extension station of the Shanxi Provincial Agricultural Department, said: "conservatively speaking, the yield increase of ditch sowing fields this year is also more than 5%."

The grain dryer is the "dragon tail" of a dragon operation. Gu Jianzhong, director of the Agricultural Machinery Bureau of Wuxi City, Jiangsu Province, said: "the grain dryer has not only solved the problem of nowhere to dry grain, but also made grain production have the ability to cope with cloudy and rainy weather ahead of time, turning a bumper harvest into a bumper harvest." Xu Kexiang, a big grower in Erlangmiao Village, Daan Town, Yanzhou District, Jining City, Shandong Province, sent 400 mu of wheat harvested in advance to be dried and sold to grain buyers, and received more than 400,000 yuan for the planting of the next crop of corn. "in this way, I will rob the farming season. If the corn is planted earlier, it may be harvested three days earlier. And overripe wheat grains will naturally slip before and after harvest, resulting in a waste of more than 5%. " He said.

Cross-district operation radius is more economical and reasonable.

Li Weiguo, director of the Agricultural Mechanization Department of the Ministry of Agriculture, said that the number of harvesters participating in this year's "three summers" cross-district harvesting has reached 300000, which is basically the same as last year, but the degree of organization has improved, and bulk machines that go out blindly have become relatively rare. agricultural machinery cooperatives have become the main force in the "three summers" production, and the market is more standardized and orderly. Shandong Province has vigorously promoted order operations and contracted operations of agricultural machinery cooperatives, signed more than 8000 inter-district operation contracts, and implemented nearly 40 million mu of orders, accounting for nearly 2% of the total area of summer grain in Shandong Province.

The cross-district operation of "three summers" in Henan Province has changed from a "large unit" to a "small unit". After contacting the operation place in advance, it will act separately, which ensures the rational distribution and dispatching of machinery and equipment. On June 8, 140000 combine harvesters in the province reached an all-time high of 11.35 million mu of wheat. Shenqiu County Agricultural Machinery Bureau divided the 1100 locomotives involved in cross-district operations into five teams to carry out slicing machines, covering an area of more than 1.3 million mu and earning more than 8000 million yuan.

"in the last two years, with the increasing abundance of local harvesters and the continuous increase of large wheat combine harvesters, the operating efficiency has been accelerated, the time difference has become smaller, and the radius of cross-regional operation has been reduced, but it has also become more economical and reasonable." Chen Sheng, deputy director of Anhui Agricultural Machinery Bureau, said.

There are fewer and fewer "Yangzhou McKee" who were once famous in the cross-district operation market. "at present, Yangzhou robot operators are basically cross-district operations of agricultural machinery that cross counties and cities and complement each other, and order operations have become the new normal, and cross-district machine harvests with a distance of thousands of kilometers are rare. Although the radius of the cross-district operation is smaller, the content of the operation has been expanded, such as machine planting, seedling raising, plant protection and so on. " Yin Lisong, deputy director of Yangzhou Agricultural Machinery Bureau, said. There are also some Yangzhou robot drivers who have transformed themselves into large-scale planting. Jingchuan, Xuqiao Village, Jiangdu District, returned home in 2013 to transfer more than 1200 mu of land to grow grain, planting rice and wheat crops every year, with a net income of more than 400000 yuan, three times the annual income of cross-district operations.

"now our cooperative mainly accepts orders for work from the surrounding areas. Because most of the farmers in the village give us the land in escrow, with a land area of 2400 mu. The service scope of the cooperative has been extended to six surrounding villages, with an operating area of more than 13000 mu. The degree of agricultural mechanization has increased, the cooperative has done all the farm work, and many villagers joke that our farmers are about to be laid off. " Shi Zhanjiang, chairman of Yongwang Agricultural Machinery Professional Cooperative in Jizhou City, Hebei Province, said.