The latest course of High-yield cultivation techniques of Vicia faba

Broad bean is rich in nutrition and is a crop for both grain and vegetable. The stem and leaf is also a good feed for excellent livestock and an excellent fertilizer. It has a strong ability of nitrogen fixation in root system and plays an obvious role in improving soil fertility and ensuring continuous yield increase. But in order to achieve Gao Da in production, we need to grasp a few key points. Let's take a look at it.

1. Adhere to crop rotation and crop change

One of the important reasons for the low yield of broad bean production is caused by long-term continuous cropping. The longer the years of continuous cropping, the smaller the individual, the fewer branches, the higher the rate of seedling death, the higher the frequency of diseases and insect pests, low yield and poor quality. According to the research and investigation, the plant growth status, yield and quality of continuous cropping are not as good as continuous cropping. Just take the yield as an example, after continuous cropping for two years, the yield will decrease by about 13%, and after continuous cropping for five years, the yield will decrease by 75%. It can increase by more than three times. Therefore, when planting, it is necessary to balance crop varieties and planting area, implement rotation as far as possible, and avoid continuous cropping for many years, which is generally rotated every 2-3 years, so as to improve the soil environment and reduce the harm of broad bean diseases and insect pests.

2. Sowing at the right time

Any crop should be guaranteed at the right time, especially broad bean, which has poor cold resistance and stricter sowing time, and many farmers are used to sowing too early, so as to strive for good harvest before overwintering, long and effective branches, and lay the foundation for high yield. Sowing too early will bring three unfavorable factors: first, it will flourish before the year ago, and the cold resistance of broad bean will be weak during the winter, and the freezing injury will be more serious during the winter, and the yield will be seriously reduced; second, the aphids will cause serious harm, which will hinder the growth and be infected with virus diseases by aphids. Third, in case of yellow sand weather, it is northwesterly from February to March in Northwest China, and there is a lot of dust and sand in the wind. Dust and sand falling on broad bean leaves and flowers will cause poor pollination and non-podding, resulting in a large area yield reduction. Therefore, in order to change the traditional planting habits, it is appropriate to postpone the sowing time, generally 5-7 days after Cold Dew.

3. Reasonable close planting

When sowing, sowing should be reasonable according to soil fertility and local environment. If sowing is too dense, its own permeability conditions will not only reduce the effective branches per unit area, but also inhibit the high yield performance of effective branches, which has a great impact on the yield. Therefore, in order to ensure the high yield of broad bean, many farmers have the habit of pruning, artificially adjust the density, improve the field permeability, promote the healthy growth of branches and ensure the appropriate density.

4. Increase the application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer

The nitrogen fixation capacity of broad bean itself is limited, so if there is no fertilizer in production, relying on its own nitrogen fixation ability can only maintain low yield, so it is necessary to increase fertilizer properly, so as to make it early branch, increase branch, grow strong branch, and achieve the goal of high yield. When sowing, basic fertilizer must be fully applied, and 800-1000 kg of high-quality farm manure or 25-30 kg of high-quality compound fertilizer must be applied per mu to provide for its growth in accordance with the law. Its own nitrogen fixation capacity can meet its growth needs, so the application of nitrogen fertilizer should be controlled so as not to cause excessive growth, but it is more sensitive to phosphorus and potassium fertilizer. If there is a lack of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, the plant is short and branches are watered. Therefore, when sowing, 100-200 kg of plant ash or 20-30 kg of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer per mu can increase the yield.

The above is the introduction of high-yield cultivation techniques of broad bean, hope to help you, want to know more related knowledge, please pay attention to us.