Improve the cultivated land protection system to ensure national food security

The quantity and quality of cultivated land are directly related to the national food security. although China's grain output has achieved an "eleven consecutive increase", we should still be vigilant, especially to curb the current trend of land "non-agriculturalization" in the process of land transfer. we will improve the strictest cultivated land protection system and ensure national food security.

With the in-depth implementation of the "agricultural transformation" strategy and the obvious acceleration of the upgrading of agricultural industrial facilities, the area and rate of rural land transfer are increasing year by year. According to the statistics of the Ministry of Agriculture, by the end of June 2014, the transferred area of contracted cultivated land in rural areas across the country had reached 380 million mu, accounting for 28.8% of the total contracted cultivated land. With the acceleration of the development of new countryside and new towns, a large number of commercial projects and industrial and commercial capital have entered the rural market, resulting in an increase in the "non-agricultural" trend of cultivated land. The performance of non-agricultural transfer is various. for example, some leading agricultural enterprises do not make full use of all the transferred land, but use part of the land for the construction and development of office space, agricultural products storage, processing workshops and other infrastructure construction. Some enterprises see the "development business opportunities" of a large amount of land in rural areas, leasing agricultural land on a large scale under the pretext of developing agriculture, but changing the use of the land without authorization, building factories or developing commercial housing after receiving the land. In addition, out of impulse of political achievements, some local governments have issued policies to encourage industrial and commercial enterprises to lease land in rural areas, attract investment without restrictions, give tax and land use concessions, and introduce industrial and commercial enterprises to lease farmers' land for a large area and for a long time. Some connive at and cover up the non-agricultural and non-grain behavior of industrial and commercial owners, and even conspire with enterprises to obtain benefits, resulting in damage to the interests of farmers.

The "non-agriculturalization" of land transfer will not only easily lead to the change of rural land resources, bring about the turbulence of the overall ecological resources in rural areas, but also lead to damage to the interests of landless farmers. In view of this problem, in recent years, the state has issued a series of relevant policies to regulate land transfer. In 2014, the first document of the Central Committee proposed to explore the establishment of a risk guarantee fund system for the transfer of agricultural land by industrial and commercial enterprises, and the conversion of agricultural land into non-agricultural land is strictly prohibited. "opinions on guiding the orderly transfer of rural land management rights to develop appropriate scale operation of agriculture" clearly put forward to strengthen the control of the use of land transfer. It is strictly forbidden to engage in non-agricultural construction in the name of land circulation. It is strictly forbidden to build or disguise the construction of tourist resorts, golf courses, villas, private clubs and so on on the transferred agricultural land. We will resolutely investigate and deal with illegal and illegal non-agricultural construction through "leasing instead of levying", and resolutely prohibit the "non-agricultural" conversion of cultivated land without authorization. These policies and documents point out the direction for curbing the "non-agriculturalization" of land transfer. at present and for some time to come, in order to prevent the non-agricultural tendency of land circulation, the state should implement the strictest land-saving system and, in accordance with the requirements of "delimiting permanent basic farmland." establish a protection and compensation mechanism to ensure that the total amount of basic farmland will not be reduced, its use will not be changed, and its quality will be improved. Strict protection and no occupation Local governments must do a good job in supervision and verification, strictly control the flow of land, and effectively ensure the use of agricultural land. Specifically, the following tasks should be done well:

First, improve the industrial and commercial capital access system. It is necessary to strengthen the prior examination of the entry of industrial and commercial capital into the rural market, with emphasis on examining whether industrial and commercial enterprises have legal industrial and commercial registration, complete tax registration, and good credit; whether they have the capacity of agricultural operation commensurate with the scale of the transferred land; whether the project plan is standardized and scientific, whether it is in line with the development plan of agricultural modernization and the industrial layout of the region. When entering the industrial and commercial capital, it should be clearly pointed out that the transferred land shall not change the fundamental nature of the agricultural use of the land, and shall not engage in related activities that destroy the farming layer.

Second, strengthen the risk prevention of industrial and commercial capital. After the qualification of the industrial and commercial enterprise has been examined and qualified, the land transfer service agency of the township shall guide both parties to sign the contract in accordance with the standard requirements, and the contents of the contract must be clear and specific, the necessary information such as the area, location, fourth arrival, use and other necessary information of the transferred land shall be recorded in detail. For those with a turnover area of 30 mu or more or with a circulation life of 10 years or more, special attention should be paid to the risk of industrial and commercial capital.

Third, improve the supervision mechanism of industrial and commercial capital at the grass-roots level. After commercial capital enters the rural market, in order to ensure that the agricultural nature of the transferred land will not be changed, the project implementation, operation and implementation of industrial and commercial enterprises should be subject to regular supervision. Therefore, the grass-roots supervision system should be more perfect and the measures should be more specific. It is suggested that the county-level agricultural administrative departments and township people's governments as the main body, with the joint participation of land and resources, industrial and commercial administrative departments, county, township and village level responsible supervision mechanism should be established. For industrial and commercial enterprises that use agricultural land in violation of the "non-agricultural" principle within the circulation period, the relevant departments and the people's governments of villages and towns shall issue a notice of rectification as soon as possible and order them to make rectification within a time limit. If the rectification is not carried out within the time limit or if the rectification is not thorough, the relevant supporting policies on land transfer enjoyed by the enterprise may be cancelled and the person in charge of the enterprise shall be investigated for legal responsibility. At the same time, it is necessary to implement the specific division of labor among various departments of the supervision system. The administrative department in charge of agriculture at the county level is responsible for the irregular dynamic supervision of the use of the transferred land; the department of land and resources supervises the violation of the relevant laws and regulations on the management of the transferred contracted land; the administrative department for industry and commerce is responsible for the daily supervision of the operation of industrial and commercial enterprises.