How are grain yield data generated?

In Ningxia in July, wheat fragrance is everywhere, and the joy of summer grain harvest is brimming with in every farmer's face. The reporter learned from the Grain Bureau of the Autonomous region that the region's summer grain output is expected to reach 386000 tons this year. The growth of autumn grain was normal, and the growth of seedling stage was better than that of the previous year. The recent rainfall is beneficial to the grain growth in the southern mountainous areas. it is preliminarily judged that this year is a bumper harvest year, and as of last year, Ningxia's total grain output has maintained a continuous bumper harvest. How did the grain production data behind this come into being? On the morning of the 9th, the reporter followed the staff of the Qingtong Gorge investigation team of the National Bureau of Statistics to the field to experience the grain output investigation work.

The first step: step on the field to estimate yield and register piece by piece.

According to reports, grain output refers to the total production of grains, legumes and potatoes in a certain area in that year, which is usually referred to as the total grain output. Grain output data as an important indicator related to the national economy and people's livelihood, its statistical survey process must also follow scientific and rigorous rules and methods.

The main food crops in Ningxia irrigation area are wheat, corn and rice. At present, the grain output survey samples taken by the whole region are distributed in 20 cities (counties and districts), 129 townships and 198 administrative villages.

At about 9: 00 a.m. on the 9th, the reporter, together with the staff of the Qingtong Gorge investigation team, came to the farmland of Wang Jianfu, the tenth villagers' group in Zhongzhuang Village, Daba Town, to measure the wheat yield. Looking ahead, there was a golden wheat field, the ripe wheat swayed gently in the breeze, and the heavy wheat was so heavy that the ears could not lift their heads. "the ears of wheat are very neat, and the yield per mu must be high." It hasn't been measured yet, said Xiaobai, an experienced investigator.

In fact, half a month ago, an auxiliary investigation team composed of village cadres, investigators, and experienced farmers already estimated the yield of all crops in 12 sample villages of grain yield in Qingtong Gorge, including plots that had no harvest due to disasters and other reasons. Then a large sample frame was compiled according to the estimated yield level per mu from high to low, and then three survey plots were selected by random principle. The wheat field of Wang Jianfu's family is one of the survey plots randomly selected. "estimating production in the field is the first step in the data survey." Xiaobai said.

Core of investigation: actual cutting measurement

The second step is to measure the actual cutting. The so-called actual cutting measurement is the field measurement and sampling.

In a wheat field next to the cornfield in Wang Jianfu's house, the investigators first measured the length and width of the wheat field with a tape measure, and then used the tape measure to pull a diagonal line between the two longest diagonals in the field. Another staff member, holding a T-shaped distance measure, came to the diagonal line, randomly selected a central point within the first 1/3 distance of the diagonal line, and inserted the distance measure into the field. Wang Jianfu cut the rice under the command of the rangefinder.

During the harvest, neither every spike in the area nor a spike outside the area was left out, so that the wheat in the yield test area was cleaned up. " Ma Zibao, leader of the Qingtong Gorge investigation team, explained that due to the different degrees of light exposure of rice in a field, it may grow unevenly, so three points should be selected for measurement.

More than 40 minutes later, the investigators bundled, bagged and labeled the three bundles of wheat harvested.

Measure after threshing, weighing and moisture calculation

Subsequently, the harvested wheat samples were threshed, and then the two investigators used standard scales to weigh the total weight of each sample plot (weighing to an accurate 0.005 kg) and register the weighing results.

After the sample is weighed, the moisture content is measured, and the standard water impurity rate of the crops measured in each survey plot is calculated according to the national water impurity rate national standard (wheat Ningxia grain standard moisture content 13.0%). The next step is to estimate the loss of investigated crops in the process of harvest, transportation and threshing.

"it is through this strictly regulated work process that first-hand data from farmers and grain plots are obtained." Wang Xuming, spokesman for the Ningxia investigation team of the National Bureau of Statistics, told reporters that on this basis, through strict examination, entry, and verification, the correct sample survey data will eventually be reported to the Ningxia investigation team of the National Bureau of Statistics and the National Bureau of Statistics, and the superior statistical institutions will directly process and calculate the measured survey results in accordance with the process to ensure the objective and true grain production data.