Cold vegetables cool the summer vegetable market

Cold vegetables in summer and autumn refer to the vegetables produced in high altitude (high mountain, plateau) and high latitude cool areas.

From July to September every year, due to the transition of vegetable production stubble, high temperature in summer, typhoon, rainstorm and other disastrous weather, many areas of South China, Jiangnan and Huang-Huai basin enter the off-season of vegetable supply, the yield decreases and the variety is monotonous. In some plateaus and high latitudes, because of the high altitude and cool climate, it is suitable for the development of vegetable production, which plays a great alleviating role in making up and enriching the supply of vegetable market.

Our reporter investigated the production and marketing of cool vegetables in summer and autumn in Zhangbei, Hebei, Lanzhou, Gansu, and Yunnan to understand how to arrange production around the market, smooth circulation channels, carry out brand building, and promote the effective connection of production and marketing.

Lanzhou plateau summer food: stagger the launch period with the market species

In the early morning of July 10, Liu Shiyun, a vegetable farmer in Dingguanying Village, Jiaojiao Town, Yuzhong County, Lanzhou City, Gansu Province, entered the vegetable field and picked the last batch of green stalk cauliflower, which was rushed to the nearby vegetable fresh-keeping warehouse and handed over to the vegetable dealer who had made an appointment in advance. "after selling this crop, in mid-to-late September, the second crop will be on the market again, and we will have to work until the end of October before we can rest." Liu Shiyun said that this year, he has planted more than one mu of green stalk loose cauliflower and more than two mu of cauliflower. If the market is stable, the income of the two crops of vegetables will be about 15000 yuan.

Yuzhong County is not only the national pollution-free vegetable production demonstration base county, but also the main producing area of summer vegetables in Lanzhou Plateau. In 2014, the planting area of vegetables in Yuzhong has reached 340000 mu, with a total output of 840000 tons and a vegetable output value of 1.28 billion yuan. This year, the planting area of vegetables in the county is expected to reach 360000 mu and the output is expected to reach 860000 tons.

Adapt to the market demand and optimize the variety structure

"Yuzhong plateau summer food mainly focuses on Shanghai, Guangzhou, Hangzhou, Shenzhen and other southern markets." Teng Hui, head of the Economic work Section of the Yuzhong County Agricultural Bureau, said that in order to ensure a market, Yuzhong County has made great efforts to study the market demand in the southern region in recent years, and the agricultural sector has constantly compared, selected, introduced, and tried to grow new varieties, training and guiding farmers to optimize the structure of vegetable varieties.

"in the earliest days, the local vegetables in Yuzhong were mainly cauliflower, and the largest area was nearly 50,000 mu." Yang Haixing, director of the vegetable station of Yuzhong County Agricultural Technology Center, said that since 2009, their research has found that southern consumers prefer "green stalk loose cauliflower" with good taste and high nutritional value. As a result, they introduced and promoted the variety from the south, and guided farmers to gradually reduce the planting area of cauliflower and adjust the variety structure.

"Southern guests prefer chili peppers of good quality and spicy taste, but in the past, the quantity of locally produced chili peppers in Lanzhou was very small. In view of this situation, we regard 'Lanzhou long pepper' as one of the key points in the development of fruit and vegetable varieties. In addition, according to the needs of merchants in the south, Yuzhong County has increased the planting area of fine vegetables such as bitter chicory, andrographis paniculata and bergamot sprouts, and has carried out strict standardized management, so that more or less can be sold. " Yang Haixing said that vegetable cultivation in Yuzhong County has formed a "multi-variety, side dishes" production and sales pattern.

Guide farmers to plant in the wrong season and go on the market in a balanced manner

Bai Chenghu, director of the Yuzhong County Agricultural Bureau, said that in order to avoid the concentration of local vegetables on the market, they have been guiding farmers to plant in the wrong season in order to be listed in stages and in a balanced manner, and try to maintain a balance between production and marketing.

"after selling out these lotus vegetables, I will be ready to grow the second crop of vegetables." Yang Han, a villager of Zhangjiaying Village in Triangle Urban and Rural areas, told reporters that in recent years, under the guidance of local agricultural departments, vegetable farmers in the eastern part of Yuzhong and Sichuan have grown two crops of vegetables every year. "if you stagger between growing and selling vegetables, the income can be better. When the market is bad, two crops of vegetables can be sold for about 17000 yuan, and in good times it can reach 30, 000 yuan."

Yang Haixing said that in order to guide the balanced listing of vegetables in the county, they divided the county into three planting areas: eastern Sichuan, western Sichuan, and southern Eryin according to climate, soil, light and heat, and other conditions. "from June every year, dishes from eastern Sichuan are listed first; then, from late July to mid-August, vegetables from the Eryin mountain area in the south are sold one after another; after they are sold out, vegetables from western Sichuan are picked up again; and then, the second crop of vegetables in eastern Sichuan can be sold until the end of October."

If it is produced, it can also be sold. When the reporter interviewed in the urban and rural areas of the triangle, he saw that agricultural tricycles filled with all kinds of vegetables were parked on both sides of the road leading to the county seat, and vegetable farmers were busy picking up vegetables, moving vegetables, and delivering vegetables to vegetable vendors. Dealer Xu Shouqing told reporters that last year, he sent more than 5000 tons of vegetables to the southern market. Since Yuzhong plateau summer food was put on the market this year, he has sent more than 50 tons to Nanchang, Jiangxi Province every day. "in order to ensure that all the vegetables collected can be sold, I have found a partner in Nanchang, where both sides share risks and benefits, regardless of profits and losses, and concentrate on one-time settlement and sharing of accounts by the end of the year."

The reporter learned that there are 36 vegetable distribution enterprises in Yuzhong County, with a total storage capacity of more than 120000 tons. These enterprises have become the backbone of Yuzhong plateau summer vegetables to the national market. In the first half of this year, the planting area of vegetables in the county reached 240000 mu, with an estimated output of 600000 tons. At present, 350000 tons have been sold on the market.

Open up new markets and win export competitiveness with quality

In recent years, Lanzhou plateau summer dishes have become famous in the domestic market, and Yuzhong has targeted foreign markets. Data show that in 2014, 10% of plateau summer dishes in Yuzhong County were sold to Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan and Southeast Asian countries such as Japan, Malaysia and Singapore.

Bai Chenghu said that in order to enhance the international competitiveness of exported vegetables, the county party committee and county government launched the establishment of a national demonstration zone for the quality and safety of exported vegetables. Relying on the leading processing and export enterprises, Yuzhong County strictly implements the market access and exit system in 17 key vegetable planting bases in townships (towns), and vigorously promotes standardized production techniques such as full film, double ridges and three furrows, soil testing and formula fertilization, as well as comprehensive biological prevention and control of diseases and insect pests. It has established and improved eight major quality management systems, such as agricultural input management system, standardized planting system, comprehensive pest prevention and control system, and quality and safety supervision and testing system.

It is understood that the establishment of a national demonstration zone for the quality and safety of exported vegetables will drive the planting area of Yuzhong exported vegetables to more than 100000 mu, the foreign exchange earned by vegetable products reaching 100 million US dollars, and the qualified rate of export products reaching 100%.

Vegetables in the wrong season in Zhangbei County, Hebei Province: prolific refined vegetables upgrade to "green"

The period from late June to September every year is the concentrated listing period of vegetables in the wrong season in Zhangbei County, Zhangjiakou, Hebei Province. The total output of vegetables in the county is 750000 tons, of which 700000 tons are exported to more than 20 large and medium-sized cities across the country, including Beijing, Shandong, Zhejiang and Shanghai, as well as Hong Kong and Macao, accounting for 3 percent of the per capita net income of local farmers.

After years of development, in the face of the pressure of market competition and the requirements of industrial upgrading, Zhang Bei is beginning to adjust its structure and mode, realizing the transformation of road dishes to fine dishes, open-air dishes to facility dishes, seasonal production to year-round production, and pollution-free to green and organic, facing the Beijing-Tianjin market and supplying high-end demand.