Three suggestions on the Construction of a New Agricultural Management system

As a grass-roots rural worker, what I have been puzzled for a long time is: where is the way to consolidate national food security and improve the comparative efficiency of farming and farmers' income? We should not only adhere to the two-tier management system of integration and division for a long time, but also solve the problems caused by household operation, such as poor circulation of agricultural products, quality and safety of agricultural products, agricultural non-point source pollution and so on. We should not only encourage farmers to work in cities to increase their income, but also solve the problem of massive loss of rural labor force in uninhabited land. where is the hope of agricultural modernization? In my opinion, the construction of a new agricultural management system must be put in a more prominent position as the bull's nose for deepening rural reform and as the second revolution in rural areas after the big package.

The construction of a new agricultural management system involves all aspects of rural economic and social development, and is a systematic project. In this regard, I would like to make three specific suggestions:

I. Farmers' cooperatives, especially land joint-stock cooperatives, must be regarded as the development direction of a new type of agricultural management subject.

Which category should be preferred for the development of new business entities with directionality and universal promotion significance? In my opinion, we should focus on encouraging and promoting farmers' cooperatives, especially land joint-stock cooperatives, including supporting moderate-scale operation led by cooperatives. Large-scale operation must be moderate, and there should be no more large-scale family farms and professional families. China has a large population and little land. Take Xiangyang City, Hubei Province as an example, farmers have only 1.8 mu of cultivated land. If each large household ploughs 30 mu of land and 60 mu of land, a large household has to plant land of about 8 peasant households. 80 to 90 percent of the farmers have to leave the land, and industrialization and urbanization cannot absorb so many people, which will bring a series of social problems. We can't learn the big farm business model in the United States. Agricultural enterprises have improved the level of agricultural modernization, but the higher land rent (the land rent in the suburbs of Xiangyang has exceeded 1000 yuan / year / mu) may increase the production cost instead of decreasing, which will lead to the problem of non-grain and non-agriculture. Simple land transfer makes it difficult for outflow farmers to share the value-added income of the land, and it will also lead to the outflow of farmers can not even get back the rent because of the operational risk of inflow into the main body, which brings risks to farmers and agriculture. In my opinion, the land joint-stock cooperative is a new type of business subject that is most in line with China's national conditions, which can effectively improve the degree of agricultural organization, absorb a large number of rural labor force, and improve the comprehensive efficiency of agriculture. it can enable farmers to fairly share the land value-added benefits, ensure the quality and safety of agricultural products, greatly reduce agricultural non-point source pollution, and find a way to organize modern agriculture. It should be promoted as the main model. Large professional households, family farms and agricultural enterprises can also carry out this type of "shareholding" transformation and lead farmers' cooperatives, especially land joint-stock cooperatives. Farmers who join the co-operatives can still go out to work voluntarily, without forcing them to be tied up in the countryside.

Second, we must take the road of integrated development of the three industries within agriculture.

Scale does not necessarily maximize the benefit, but industrialization can maximize the benefit. The splint effect formed by the rising cost of agricultural production and the narrowing of the price growth space of agricultural products makes it impossible to increase farmers' income by continuously raising the prices of agricultural products, and it is impossible to take the road of large-scale operation. We can only take the road of integration and development, get economic benefits from the integration and development of the three industries, need jobs and farmers' income. In recent years, Xiangyang City, Hubei Province, relying on characteristic agricultural resources, has implemented the combination of enterprises and farmers, cultivation and processing, agriculture and tourism, and established the integration of three industries to develop new business type, namely, farmers' cultivation, local processing, leisure tourism and circular ecology. Starting from pig breeding and fattening, Yicheng Hongquan Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Company has extended its management chain to the cultivation of biological fertilizer, biological feed and organic vegetables, processing and distribution of agricultural products, and agricultural leisure and sightseeing, thus realizing the full coverage and deep integration of the primary, secondary and tertiary industries. The integrated development of the three industries not only increases the efficiency of agricultural management, but also allows farmers to share this value-added benefit.

III. We must earnestly strengthen the socialized service of agriculture.

With the development of agriculture today, the demand for social services is more urgent than ever before. To build a new agricultural management system, perfect social services must be followed up. To strengthen the socialized service of agriculture, we should strengthen not only public welfare services, but also operational services and mutual-aid services; we should pay attention to both productive services and circulating services; and we should do a good job in the allocation and service of resource elements. it is also necessary to do a good job in training services for new-type professional farmers. At present, the services that farmers are relatively satisfied with are agricultural machinery services, agricultural materials services and plant protection services. The comprehensive operation rate of agricultural machinery in Xiangyang City has exceeded 74%. The most dissatisfied services for farmers are post-natal services and financial services, primary agricultural products are sold cheaply, and the purchase policy of protection price is intercepted by "second-street traders". The difficulty of rural loans has always been a prominent problem; what rural areas need to strengthen are agricultural science and technology services and new professional farmer training services. Farmers have high hopes that "Internet + Agriculture" can bring more benefits and convenience to the broad masses of farmers. Governments at all levels should support the construction of agricultural socialized service system as well as agricultural production. It is necessary to innovate the service methods needed by the peasant masses, such as the Shuangfeng Harvest Agricultural Machinery Cooperative in Xiangzhou District of our city, providing trusteeship and semi-escrow services for the land of migrant farmers, and farmers going out to hand over the land to the cooperative for trusteeship cultivation, which can be a year or two years, or a quarter or two seasons, or a certain production link, and farmers can get back their contracted land at any time when they go home. There is no long-term land transfer contract, only short-term trusteeship agreement, farmers can advance and retreat freely. This model is particularly popular with farmers. The cooperative has a trusteeship and semi-trusteeship land area of 85000 mu, involving 11 townships in Hubei and Henan provinces.

Generally speaking, the above three suggestions are: to build a new agricultural management system, to vigorously develop farmers' cooperatives, especially land joint-stock cooperatives, to focus on the integration and development of the three industries, and to strengthen agricultural socialization services is the guarantee.