The latest course of Maize High-yield cultivation techniques

The high yield referred to in this article refers to the yield of more than 1000 kg per mu. According to the research and practice, the ecological conditions required for corn yield of 1000 kg per mu are as follows: accumulated temperature ≥ 3000 ℃, available accumulated temperature up to ≥ 2800 ℃, frost-free period 150-160d, flat terrain, fertilizer and water conservation, loam or light loam soil, and high-grade fertilizer and water conditions.

Select excellent varieties

Knowing how to select good maize varieties is a key issue related to the increase of autumn yield and income. The following principles should be followed when selecting improved corn varieties:

(1) seed selection according to the conditions of heat resources. The local heat resources are related to the growing period of maize varieties. The maize varieties with long growing period have good yield performance and high yield potential, and the local heat and growth period should meet the needs of full maturity of the varieties. If the heat is sufficient, the corn varieties with longer growth period should be selected as far as possible, so that the production potential of the excellent varieties can be brought into full play. However, too much pursuit of high yield and the use of maize varieties with too long growth period will lead to the lack of full maturity and grain fullness, which will affect the nutrition and quality of corn. Therefore, the selection of maize varieties should not only ensure the normal maturity of corn, but also can not affect the timely sowing of the next crop. The topography is related to the ground temperature, and the hilly land temperature is high, so it is appropriate to choose late-maturing varieties or mid-late-maturing varieties with long growth period, mid-late-maturing varieties in flat land and mid-early-maturing varieties in depression.

(2) seed selection shall be made in accordance with the local production management conditions. The high yield potential of maize varieties is related to the production management conditions, the varieties with high yield potential need good production management conditions, and the varieties with low production potential need relatively low production management conditions. Therefore, the maize varieties with high yield potential and high yield potential can be selected in the areas with high level of production management, fertile soil and abundant water source. On the contrary, the varieties with lower production potential but better stable performance should be selected.

(3) seed selection according to the previous planting. The increase of yield and income of maize varieties is directly related to the previous planting. If soybean is planted in the previous crop, the soil fertility is better, and high-yield varieties should be selected; if corn is planted in the previous crop with good growth and high yield, this variety can continue to be selected; if the previous corn is infected with a certain disease, the varieties prone to this disease should be avoided in seed selection. In addition, the same variety can not be planted in the same plot for three or four years, otherwise the land will be barren and the varieties will be degraded.

(4) seed selection according to diseases. Disease is the nemesis of high yield of maize, which is mainly related to soil. The soil nutrients are not balanced and the soil temperature is abnormal, so the varieties which are not suitable for growing under this condition should be avoided in seed selection. For example, "Denghai 9" is only suitable for growing in plots with balanced soil nutrients and high maturity.

(5) seed selection according to the appearance of the seed. The purity and quality of corn varieties directly affect the yield of corn. If the purity of first-grade corn seeds (purity 98%) decreases by 1%, the yield will decrease by 0.61%. The selection of high quality varieties is a favorable guarantee for high yield of maize. The high-quality seed bag is sealed at one time, with the name and detailed address and telephone number of the seed company; the production date, purity, moisture and bud percentage are clearly marked on the seed label; and the shape, size and color of the seed are neat and consistent.

(6) seed selection shall be based on local precipitation and accumulated temperature. According to experience, the amount of snow in winter last year is small, the winter is not cold, the next summer rainfall will be more, the accumulated temperature will not be high, the growing period is too long, the accumulated temperature is not enough, affecting maturity. On the contrary, there is a large amount of snow in last winter, very cold in winter, less rainfall in the following summer and high accumulated temperature, so it is easy to choose varieties with strong drought resistance, and some mid-and late-maturing varieties can be planted in the depression.