The latest field management scheme of winter wheat returning to green

The re-greening stage of wheat is the key period for producing spring tillers and forming new roots in spring. If it is not properly managed, it is easy to lead to the contradiction between above-ground growth and underground growth, as well as the contradiction between effective tillers and ineffective tillers, affecting the healthy growth of wheat seedlings. In order to cultivate strong seedlings, we should focus on preserving moisture and warming, and then supplement fertilization. Main attack objectives: promote winter tillers, increase spring tillers, promote roots, control prosperity, ensure sufficient effective panicles, achieve the goal of large panicles and more grains, and lay a good foundation for high yield and high yield.

seedling management

The main target of rejuvenation stage is to promote the combination of control and cultivate strong culms and big ears. (1) For the seedlings with total stem number above 700 000/667 square meters before winter, control should be given priority to, and promotion and control should be combined. The key is to loosen soil and ventilate, increase temperature and preserve moisture, control upper and promote lower, increase effective tillers and reduce ineffective tillers. (2) For medium seedlings with total stem number of 500 000 ~ 700 000/667 square meters before winter, insufficient total stem number and insufficient panicle number before winter were the main reasons affecting yield. The key measures are to keep tillers in winter and increase tillers in spring, pay close attention to the number of ears, catch up with green fertilizer in time, irrigate green water, and strive for more ears as much as possible. (3) For the late sowing, poor soil fertility, insufficient base fertilizer or frozen wheat seedlings, the weak seedlings with total stem number below 500,000/667 square meters should be irrigated in time, and more green fertilizer should be applied appropriately to strive for early spring tillering and promote rapid transformation of wheat seedlings.

field management measures

1. Spring harrow

Spring harrowing can loosen soil and preserve moisture, improve ground temperature, promote roots and strong tillers, and eliminate weeds. It is mostly carried out in early April in our area. Spring harrow must ensure quality, otherwise it will not play its due role. In order to ensure the quality of spring harrowing, it is generally appropriate to harrow the ground when the surface just begins to turn white after spring. If the ground is wet too early, it will not be broken, and if it is too late, the ground will dry up soil. The suitable tool for harrowing is iron T-harrow, harrow depth 3~4 cm, behind the iron harrow with wicker woven wicker, can improve the effect of breaking soil, clearing seedlings, improve the quality of harrowing.

2. Irrigation

When 5 cm ground temperature stability through 5℃ above, wheat field completely thawed after irrigation. Generally, the head water is irrigated in the middle and late April; combined with irrigation, urea is applied 10~15 kg per 667 square meters, the second water is irrigated at an interval of 8~12 days, and urea is supplemented according to the seedling stage before the second water or the third water. 667 m2 total topdressing 20~30 kg.

3. Control weeds

Wheat fields are mainly dicotyledonous weeds. To use chemical weeding, we must master the following three points:

(1) Selection of herbicides according to local conditions for many years has proved that, except for wheat herbicides, such as Puma and Mengbiao (mainly controlling monocotyledon weeds, such as Setaria, Barnyardgrass, Wild oat, etc.), herbicides suitable for wheat fields mainly include 2,4-D butyl ester and dimethyltetrachlorine, mainly controlling dicotyledon weeds, such as field convolvulus, ash chenopodium, shepherd's purse, etc. They have their own advantages: dimethyl tetrachlorine has low temperature requirements, no drift, and is not easy to hurt surrounding dicotyledonous crops when sprayed, such as safflower, melon and some trees. Compared with 2,4-D butyl ester, the weed control effect was not ideal. 2,4-D butyl ester has higher temperature requirements, generally above 15℃, the effect is significant, but it has drift, easy to damage the surrounding dicotyledonous crops with the wind, and the weed control effect is good. Can be selected according to the actual situation.

(2) Grasp the spraying time The best time of chemical weeding in winter wheat field is before wheat seedling jointing, and the best time of controlling weeds is 2~4 leaf stage, because at this time, overwintering weeds and early spring weeds are not big, late spring weeds are still tender and small, the liquid medicine can exert its efficacy normally, and the effect is obvious. If spraying after jointing, because of large weeds, weed control effect is not good, but also easy to cause crop phytotoxicity.

(3) Dosage for controlling dicotyledonous weeds: 667 square meters sprayed with 200~300 g of dimethyltetrachlorine and 30 kg of water, or sprayed with 60~100 g of 2,4-D butyl ester and 30 kg of water.

667 square meters with 40~50 ml of Puma, or 60~70 ml of Puma, 30 kg of water foliar spray, control monocotyledonous weeds.

When broad-leaved weeds in wheat field grow together with gramineous weeds, Puma can be mixed with 2,4-D butyl ester or dimethyltetrachlorine in a bucket to achieve the purpose of controlling monodicotyledonous weeds at one time. Increase the dosage of Puma to 667 square meters and use 70~80 ml.

Spraying dosage depends on temperature and weed quantity, but it should not be excessive, otherwise it will cause phytotoxicity. No matter what dosage is used, it should be sprayed evenly according to terrain and wind direction. Generally sprayed in the evening, when the physiological water absorption of the plant is the strongest, the effect is significant, and the weed control effect is good.