The latest five measures for high-quality and high-yield management of rice in the middle and later stage

After a good early growth, rice entered the reproductive growth stage in the middle and later stage. Strengthening the field management at this stage is very important for the yield and quality of rice.

Appropriate shelving of farmland

Shelving the field should generally be carried out in the period when rice is not sensitive to water, that is, from the late tillering stage to the early stage of young panicle differentiation. The following principles should be followed in the operation, that is, the appropriate early rest of the seedlings; those with deep muddy feet and the phenomenon of overgrowth should be heavier, and vice versa; the fields with poor water conservation should not be put off again.

Scientific irrigation

The long heading stage is the peak of physiological water requirement in rice life, especially in 2-14 days before heading, which is the most sensitive to water, so as not to affect the differentiation and development of spikelets. After baking, the rewatering of the field should be irrigated frequently in shallow water, and the gap irrigation method of "old water is not dry and new water is not available" should be adopted. The scientific irrigation after baking not only greatly saves the precious water resources, but also improves the soil ecological environment, maintains and improves the root activity, and is conducive to the absorption and transportation of nutrients. The irrigation method of heading and fruiting stage is heading in deep water, grouting in shallow water, moist raising seeds, and draining and drying about 5 days before harvest. Do not cut off the water too early, affecting the grain weight.

Skillful application of spike and grain fertilizer

Panicle fertilizer is generally applied after the beginning of young panicle differentiation, and the amount should be determined according to the field growth of rice. If the number of tillers is too much, the leaves with thick color should be applied less, late, 2.5-3kg urea per mu can be applied; if the number of tillers is insufficient, those with yellow leaves and different shades of leaves should be applied early and re-applied, about 5kg urea per mu.

Increase application of grain fertilizer

It is mainly due to the deficiency of spike fertilizer. The best application period of grain fertilizer is the period when rice leaves can naturally turn weak before breaking, that is, it is suitable to topdressing 2-3 days before heading. Generally speaking, urea is the best grain fertilizer, and the application amount is about 2.5 kg per mu. However, the soil fertility is sufficient, the growth is too prosperous, and the fields with thick leaves should not be fertilized with grain fertilizer to prevent greedy green and late ripening, affecting the yield and quality. In order to prevent premature senescence after heading, foliar fertilizer should also be sprayed with 1% urea solution or rice special foliar fertilizer, sprayed in the evening on a sunny day, and should be sprayed on both sides of the leaves.

Pest control

In the middle and later stages of rice growth, emphasis should be placed on the control of bacterial leaf blight, sheath blight, rice false smut, rice stem borer, rice planthopper and other diseases and insect pests. Most of these diseases and insect pests are mixed. According to this actual situation, the mixed pesticide technology should be adopted for compound control. For example, the compound damage of bacterial blight and Chilo suppressalis can be controlled by the mixture of Yekuning and Shachongshuang, which can not only save labor and time, but also get a good control effect.