Where is the latest producing area of sorghum?

Sorghum, also known as sorghum, peach millet, millet, etc., is an annual grass of the family Gramineae. It is widely distributed in China and is planted almost all over the country, but the main producing areas are very concentrated. Qinling Mountains, the north of the Yellow River, especially the north of the Great Wall are the main producing areas. The country is divided into four cultivation areas: early spring sowing area, spring sowing late ripening area, spring and summer sowing area and southern sorghum area. let's take a look at where sorghum is produced.

Early ripening area of spring sowing

The early ripening areas of sorghum spring sowing include Heilongjiang, Jilin and Inner Mongolia, Chengde area of Hebei Province, Zhangjiakou Baxia area, northern Shanxi and Shaanxi provinces, Ningxia arid areas, central Gansu Province and Hexi region, northern Xinjiang plains and basins and so on. The precocious spring sowing area is located in 34 °30-# 39 °50-# 39 °N latitude, 300 °1000 m above sea level, 2.5-7.0 ℃ in annual average temperature, 2000-3000 ℃ in active accumulated temperature (accumulated temperature of ≥ 10 ℃), 120-150 days in frost-free period, and 100-700 mm in annual precipitation. The main varieties are early-maturing and mid-early-maturing species. Due to the low accumulated temperature, sorghum production is easily affected by low temperature chilling injury, so technical measures should be taken to prevent low temperature and promote early maturity. It is an one-year system, usually sowed in the first and middle of May and harvested in September.

Spring sowing late ripening area

The late ripening area of spring sowing sorghum is the main producing area of sorghum in China, with a high level of per unit yield, including most of Liaoning, Hebei, Shanxi, Shaanxi and other provinces, yellow irrigation areas of Beijing, Tianjin, Ningxia, eastern and southern Gansu Province, southern and eastern Xinjiang basins and so on. The late ripening area of spring sowing is located in 32 ~ 41 °47 & # 39 north latitude, with an altitude of 3000m, an annual average temperature of 814.2 ℃, an active accumulated temperature of 3000mm, a frost-free period of 150,250days and an annual precipitation of 16.2 mm. It is basically an one-year ripening system, and most of the cultivated varieties use late-maturing seeds because of the good heat conditions. In recent years, due to the reform of farming system, summer sowing sorghum has been planted after wheat harvest, which has changed from one crop a year to three crops or two crops a year.

Spring and summer sowing area

The spring and summer sowing areas of sorghum include Shandong, Jiangsu, Henan, Anhui, Hubei, Hebei and other provinces. They are located at 24 °15-# 39 °15 & # 39% north latitude, with an altitude of 2403000 m, annual average temperature of 14017 ℃, active accumulated temperature of 4000mm, frost-free period of 2000,280 days, and annual precipitation of 600mm. Spring sowing sorghum and summer sowing sorghum account for about half of both spring sowing sorghum and summer sowing sorghum. Spring sowing sorghum is mostly distributed in the low-lying and saline-alkali land with poor soil quality, and the middle and late mature seeds are mostly used. Summer sowing sorghum is mainly distributed in the flat fertilizer land, as the second crop of summer harvest crops, early-maturing species with a growth period of no more than 100 days are often used. The cultivation system is mainly two crops in one year or three crops in two years.

Southern sorghum area

The southern sorghum region, which includes the south of central China, South China and Southwest China, is located at 18 °10-# 39 °10 & # 39 °N latitude, 400-1500 m above sea level, with an annual average temperature of 16-22 ℃, active accumulated temperature of 5000-6000 ℃, frost-free period of 240-365 days, and annual precipitation of 1000-2000 mm. The southern sorghum area is distributed in a wide area, mostly sporadic planting, and the provinces with relatively more planting are Sichuan, Guizhou, Hunan and other provinces. The varieties used are very short-day, most of them are loose ear type and waxy varieties, and most of them are tillering. The cultivation system is three crops a year, and the regenerated sorghum has been developed to a certain extent in recent years.